改变列,添加默认约束
我有一个表格,其中一列是datetime类型的“Date”。 我们决定向该列添加默认约束
Alter table TableName
alter column dbo.TableName.Date default getutcdate()
但是这给了我错误:
“。”附近的语法错误
有没有人在这里看到任何明显的错误,我错过了(除了有一个更好的名字为列)
尝试这个
alter table TableName
add constraint df_ConstraintNAme
default getutcdate() for [Date]
例
create table bla (id int)
alter table bla add constraint dt_bla default 1 for id
insert bla default values
select * from bla
还要确保你命名默认的约束..这将是一个痛苦的脖子放下它,因为它将有一个疯狂的系统生成的名称...另请参见如何命名默认约束和如何删除默认约束没有SQL Server中的名称
您可以将保留字包装在方括号中以避免以下类型的错误:
dbo.TableName.[Date]
我使用下面的存储过程来更新列上的默认值。
在添加新的默认值之前,它会自动删除列上的任何以前的默认值。
用法示例:
-- Update default to be a date.
exec [dbo].[AlterDefaultForColumn] '[dbo].[TableName]','Column','getdate()';
-- Update default to be a number.
exec [dbo].[AlterDefaultForColumn] '[dbo].[TableName]','Column,'6';
-- Update default to be a string. Note extra quotes, as this is not a function.
exec [dbo].[AlterDefaultForColumn] '[dbo].[TableName]','Column','''MyString''';
存储过程:
SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO
-- Sample function calls:
--exec [dbo].[AlterDefaultForColumn] '[dbo].[TableName]','ColumnName','getdate()';
--exec [dbol].[AlterDefaultForColumn] '[dbo].[TableName]','Column,'6';
--exec [dbo].[AlterDefaultForColumn] '[dbo].[TableName]','Column','''MyString''';
create PROCEDURE [dbo].[ColumnDefaultUpdate]
(
-- Table name, including schema, e.g. '[dbo].[TableName]'
@TABLE_NAME VARCHAR(100),
-- Column name, e.g. 'ColumnName'.
@COLUMN_NAME VARCHAR(100),
-- New default, e.g. '''MyDefault''' or 'getdate()'
-- Note that if you want to set it to a string constant, the contents
-- must be surrounded by extra quotes, e.g. '''MyConstant''' not 'MyConstant'
@NEW_DEFAULT VARCHAR(100)
)
AS
BEGIN
-- Trim angle brackets so things work even if they are included.
set @COLUMN_NAME = REPLACE(@COLUMN_NAME, '[', '')
set @COLUMN_NAME = REPLACE(@COLUMN_NAME, ']', '')
print 'Table name: ' + @TABLE_NAME;
print 'Column name: ' + @COLUMN_NAME;
DECLARE @ObjectName NVARCHAR(100)
SELECT @ObjectName = OBJECT_NAME([default_object_id]) FROM SYS.COLUMNS
WHERE [object_id] = OBJECT_ID(@TABLE_NAME) AND [name] = @COLUMN_NAME;
IF @ObjectName <> ''
begin
print 'Removed default: ' + @ObjectName;
--print('ALTER TABLE ' + @TABLE_NAME + ' DROP CONSTRAINT ' + @ObjectName)
EXEC('ALTER TABLE ' + @TABLE_NAME + ' DROP CONSTRAINT ' + @ObjectName)
end
EXEC('ALTER TABLE ' + @TABLE_NAME + ' ADD DEFAULT (' + @NEW_DEFAULT + ') FOR ' + @COLUMN_NAME)
--print('ALTER TABLE ' + @TABLE_NAME + ' ADD DEFAULT (' + @NEW_DEFAULT + ') FOR ' + @COLUMN_NAME)
print 'Added default of: ' + @NEW_DEFAULT;
END
此存储过程错误消除
如果您尝试在列已经存在的情况下向列添加默认值,则会出现以下错误(如果使用此存储过程,您将永远无法看到):
-- Using the stored procedure eliminates this error:
Msg 1781, Level 16, State 1, Line 1
Column already has a DEFAULT bound to it.
Msg 1750, Level 16, State 0, Line 1
Could not create constraint. See previous errors.
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