使用Android下载文件,并在ProgressDialog中显示进度

我正在尝试编写一个更新的简单应用程序。 为此,我需要一个简单的函数,可以下载一个文件并在ProgressDialog显示当前的ProgressDialog 。 我知道如何做ProgressDialog ,但我不确定如何显示当前进度以及如何首先下载文件。


有很多方法可以下载文件。 以下我将发布最常见的方式; 您需要决定哪种方法更适合您的应用。

1.使用AsyncTask并在对话框中显示下载进度

此方法将允许您执行一些后台进程并同时更新UI(在这种情况下,我们将更新进度栏)。

这是一个示例代码:

// declare the dialog as a member field of your activity
ProgressDialog mProgressDialog;

// instantiate it within the onCreate method
mProgressDialog = new ProgressDialog(YourActivity.this);
mProgressDialog.setMessage("A message");
mProgressDialog.setIndeterminate(true);
mProgressDialog.setProgressStyle(ProgressDialog.STYLE_HORIZONTAL);
mProgressDialog.setCancelable(true);

// execute this when the downloader must be fired
final DownloadTask downloadTask = new DownloadTask(YourActivity.this);
downloadTask.execute("the url to the file you want to download");

mProgressDialog.setOnCancelListener(new DialogInterface.OnCancelListener() {
    @Override
    public void onCancel(DialogInterface dialog) {
        downloadTask.cancel(true);
    }
});

AsyncTask将如下所示:

// usually, subclasses of AsyncTask are declared inside the activity class.
// that way, you can easily modify the UI thread from here
private class DownloadTask extends AsyncTask<String, Integer, String> {

    private Context context;
    private PowerManager.WakeLock mWakeLock;

    public DownloadTask(Context context) {
        this.context = context;
    }

    @Override
    protected String doInBackground(String... sUrl) {
        InputStream input = null;
        OutputStream output = null;
        HttpURLConnection connection = null;
        try {
            URL url = new URL(sUrl[0]);
            connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
            connection.connect();

            // expect HTTP 200 OK, so we don't mistakenly save error report
            // instead of the file
            if (connection.getResponseCode() != HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {
                return "Server returned HTTP " + connection.getResponseCode()
                        + " " + connection.getResponseMessage();
            }

            // this will be useful to display download percentage
            // might be -1: server did not report the length
            int fileLength = connection.getContentLength();

            // download the file
            input = connection.getInputStream();
            output = new FileOutputStream("/sdcard/file_name.extension");

            byte data[] = new byte[4096];
            long total = 0;
            int count;
            while ((count = input.read(data)) != -1) {
                // allow canceling with back button
                if (isCancelled()) {
                    input.close();
                    return null;
                }
                total += count;
                // publishing the progress....
                if (fileLength > 0) // only if total length is known
                    publishProgress((int) (total * 100 / fileLength));
                output.write(data, 0, count);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            return e.toString();
        } finally {
            try {
                if (output != null)
                    output.close();
                if (input != null)
                    input.close();
            } catch (IOException ignored) {
            }

            if (connection != null)
                connection.disconnect();
        }
        return null;
    }

上面的方法( doInBackground )总是在后台线程上运行。 你不应该在那里做任何UI任务。 另一方面, onProgressUpdateonPreExecute在UI线程上运行,因此您可以更改进度条:

    @Override
    protected void onPreExecute() {
        super.onPreExecute();
        // take CPU lock to prevent CPU from going off if the user 
        // presses the power button during download
        PowerManager pm = (PowerManager) context.getSystemService(Context.POWER_SERVICE);
        mWakeLock = pm.newWakeLock(PowerManager.PARTIAL_WAKE_LOCK,
             getClass().getName());
        mWakeLock.acquire();
        mProgressDialog.show();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onProgressUpdate(Integer... progress) {
        super.onProgressUpdate(progress);
        // if we get here, length is known, now set indeterminate to false
        mProgressDialog.setIndeterminate(false);
        mProgressDialog.setMax(100);
        mProgressDialog.setProgress(progress[0]);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onPostExecute(String result) {
        mWakeLock.release();
        mProgressDialog.dismiss();
        if (result != null)
            Toast.makeText(context,"Download error: "+result, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        else
            Toast.makeText(context,"File downloaded", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }

为了这个运行,你需要WAKE_LOCK权限。

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WAKE_LOCK" />

2.从服务下载

这里最大的问题是:如何从服务中更新我的活动? 在下一个示例中,我们将使用两个您可能不知道的类: ResultReceiverIntentServiceResultReceiver是允许我们从服务更新线程的那个; IntentServiceService一个子类,它产生一个线程从那里执行后台工作(您应该知道Service实际上在应用程序的同一线程中运行;当您扩展Service ,必须手动生成新线程以运行CPU阻止操作) 。

下载服务可以像这样:

public class DownloadService extends IntentService {
    public static final int UPDATE_PROGRESS = 8344;
    public DownloadService() {
        super("DownloadService");
    }
    @Override
    protected void onHandleIntent(Intent intent) {
        String urlToDownload = intent.getStringExtra("url");
        ResultReceiver receiver = (ResultReceiver) intent.getParcelableExtra("receiver");
        try {
            URL url = new URL(urlToDownload);
            URLConnection connection = url.openConnection();
            connection.connect();
            // this will be useful so that you can show a typical 0-100% progress bar
            int fileLength = connection.getContentLength();

            // download the file
            InputStream input = new BufferedInputStream(connection.getInputStream());
            OutputStream output = new FileOutputStream("/sdcard/BarcodeScanner-debug.apk");

            byte data[] = new byte[1024];
            long total = 0;
            int count;
            while ((count = input.read(data)) != -1) {
                total += count;
                // publishing the progress....
                Bundle resultData = new Bundle();
                resultData.putInt("progress" ,(int) (total * 100 / fileLength));
                receiver.send(UPDATE_PROGRESS, resultData);
                output.write(data, 0, count);
            }

            output.flush();
            output.close();
            input.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        Bundle resultData = new Bundle();
        resultData.putInt("progress" ,100);
        receiver.send(UPDATE_PROGRESS, resultData);
    }
}

将该服务添加到清单中:

<service android:name=".DownloadService"/>

活动将如下所示:

// initialize the progress dialog like in the first example

// this is how you fire the downloader
mProgressDialog.show();
Intent intent = new Intent(this, DownloadService.class);
intent.putExtra("url", "url of the file to download");
intent.putExtra("receiver", new DownloadReceiver(new Handler()));
startService(intent);

这里是ResultReceiver来玩:

private class DownloadReceiver extends ResultReceiver{
    public DownloadReceiver(Handler handler) {
        super(handler);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onReceiveResult(int resultCode, Bundle resultData) {
        super.onReceiveResult(resultCode, resultData);
        if (resultCode == DownloadService.UPDATE_PROGRESS) {
            int progress = resultData.getInt("progress");
            mProgressDialog.setProgress(progress);
            if (progress == 100) {
                mProgressDialog.dismiss();
            }
        }
    }
}

2.1使用Groundy库

Groundy是一个基本上可以帮助您在后台服务中运行代码段的库,它基于上面显示的ResultReceiver概念。 此库目前弃用 。 这就是整个代码的外观:

您正在展示对话的活动...

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    private ProgressDialog mProgressDialog;

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);

        findViewById(R.id.btn_download).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            public void onClick(View view) {
                String url = ((EditText) findViewById(R.id.edit_url)).getText().toString().trim();
                Bundle extras = new Bundler().add(DownloadTask.PARAM_URL, url).build();
                Groundy.create(DownloadExample.this, DownloadTask.class)
                        .receiver(mReceiver)
                        .params(extras)
                        .queue();

                mProgressDialog = new ProgressDialog(MainActivity.this);
                mProgressDialog.setProgressStyle(ProgressDialog.STYLE_HORIZONTAL);
                mProgressDialog.setCancelable(false);
                mProgressDialog.show();
            }
        });
    }

    private ResultReceiver mReceiver = new ResultReceiver(new Handler()) {
        @Override
        protected void onReceiveResult(int resultCode, Bundle resultData) {
            super.onReceiveResult(resultCode, resultData);
            switch (resultCode) {
                case Groundy.STATUS_PROGRESS:
                    mProgressDialog.setProgress(resultData.getInt(Groundy.KEY_PROGRESS));
                    break;
                case Groundy.STATUS_FINISHED:
                    Toast.makeText(DownloadExample.this, R.string.file_downloaded, Toast.LENGTH_LONG);
                    mProgressDialog.dismiss();
                    break;
                case Groundy.STATUS_ERROR:
                    Toast.makeText(DownloadExample.this, resultData.getString(Groundy.KEY_ERROR), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                    mProgressDialog.dismiss();
                    break;
            }
        }
    };
}

一个GroundyTask使用Groundy下载文件并显示正在执行:

public class DownloadTask extends GroundyTask {    
    public static final String PARAM_URL = "com.groundy.sample.param.url";

    @Override
    protected boolean doInBackground() {
        try {
            String url = getParameters().getString(PARAM_URL);
            File dest = new File(getContext().getFilesDir(), new File(url).getName());
            DownloadUtils.downloadFile(getContext(), url, dest, DownloadUtils.getDownloadListenerForTask(this));
            return true;
        } catch (Exception pokemon) {
            return false;
        }
    }
}

只需将其添加到清单:

<service android:name="com.codeslap.groundy.GroundyService"/>

我认为这并不容易。 只需从Github抓取最新的jar,然后就可以开始了。 请记住, Groundy的主要目的是在后台服务中调用外部REST API并轻松地将结果发布到UI。 如果你在应用程序中做这样的事情,它可能会非常有用。

2.2使用https://github.com/koush/ion

3.使用DownloadManager类( GingerBread和更新版本)

GingerBread带来了一项新功能, DownloadManager ,它允许您轻松下载文件并将处理线程,流等的辛苦工作委托给系统。

首先,我们来看一个实用方法:

/**
 * @param context used to check the device version and DownloadManager information
 * @return true if the download manager is available
 */
public static boolean isDownloadManagerAvailable(Context context) {

    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.GINGERBREAD) {
        return true;
    }
    return false;
}

方法的名字解释了这一切。 一旦你确定DownloadManager可用,你可以做这样的事情:

String url = "url you want to download";
DownloadManager.Request request = new DownloadManager.Request(Uri.parse(url));
request.setDescription("Some descrition");
request.setTitle("Some title");
// in order for this if to run, you must use the android 3.2 to compile your app
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.HONEYCOMB) {
    request.allowScanningByMediaScanner();
    request.setNotificationVisibility(DownloadManager.Request.VISIBILITY_VISIBLE_NOTIFY_COMPLETED);
}
request.setDestinationInExternalPublicDir(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS, "name-of-the-file.ext");

// get download service and enqueue file
DownloadManager manager = (DownloadManager) getSystemService(Context.DOWNLOAD_SERVICE);
manager.enqueue(request);

下载进度将显示在通知栏中。

最后的想法

第一种和第二种方法只是冰山一角。 如果您希望自己的应用程序强大,则需要记住很多事项。 这里是一个简短的列表:

  • 您必须检查用户是否有可用的互联网连接
  • 确保您拥有正确的权限( INTERNETWRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE ); 如果你想检查互联网的可用性,也ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE
  • 确保目录是你要下载的文件存在并具有写权限。
  • 如果下载太大,如果以前的尝试失败,可能需要实施一种恢复下载的方法。
  • 如果您允许他们中断下载,用户将不胜感激。
  • 除非需要详细控制下载过程,否则请考虑使用DownloadManager (3),因为它已经处理了上面列出的大部分项目。

    但也要考虑到你的需求可能会改变。 例如, DownloadManager不响应缓存。 它会盲目地多次下载同一个大文件。 事后并没有简单的方法来解决它。 如果你从一个基本的HttpURLConnection (1,2)开始,那么你只需要添加一个HttpResponseCache 。 因此,学习基本标准工具的初步工作可能是一项很好的投资。


    如果你要从互联网上下载东西,不要忘记给清单文件添加权限!

    <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        package="com.example.helloandroid"
        android:versionCode="1"
        android:versionName="1.0">
    
            <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="10" />
    
            <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"></uses-permission>
            <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"></uses-permission>
            <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE"></uses-permission>
            <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE"></uses-permission>
    
            <application 
                android:icon="@drawable/icon" 
                android:label="@string/app_name" 
                android:debuggable="true">
    
            </application>
    
    </manifest>
    

    是上面的代码将工作。但是,如果你正在更新你的progressbaronProgressUpdateAsynctask ,你按后退按钮或完成您的活动AsyncTask失去它的轨道与你的用户界面。而当你回到你的活动,即使是下载运行背景你将看不到进度条上的更新。 因此,在OnResume()尝试运行一个像runOnUIThread这样的线程与一个计时器任务,更新你的progressbar ,从AsyncTask运行后台更新值。

    private void updateProgressBar(){
        Runnable runnable = new updateProgress();
        background = new Thread(runnable);
        background.start();
    }
    
    public class updateProgress implements Runnable {
        public void run() {
            while(Thread.currentThread()==background)
                //while (!Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted()) {
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(1000); 
                    Message msg = new Message();
                    progress = getProgressPercentage();        
                    handler.sendMessage(msg);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
                } catch (Exception e) {
            }
        }
    }
    
    private Handler handler = new Handler(){
        @Override
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            progress.setProgress(msg.what);
        }
    };
    

    不要忘记当ur活动不可见时销毁线程。

    private void destroyRunningThreads() {
        if (background != null) {
            background.interrupt();
            background=null;
        }
    }
    
    链接地址: http://www.djcxy.com/p/16123.html

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