protected references in Java

This question already has an answer here:

Understanding java's protected modifier 6 answers

In Java, difference between package private, public, protected, and private 26 answers

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A protected member can be accessed in a subclass outside the package only through inheritance. Try this instead :

public class C extends A {

    void foo() {
       int b = i;  
    }
}

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There are no needs to make a reference every time. I think you didn't understand Inheritence..

public class B extends A {

    void foo() {
       // A a = new A(); No need to instantiate it here as B extends A
        int b = i;  //No nedd to refer it through a.a.i  
    }
}

package another.pac;

public class C extends A {

    void foo() {
        C c=new C();
        int d=c.i//this will work fine
       //   A a = new A(); same as above explanation
        int b = i;  //same as above and even a.i will not compile
    }
}

Now Your protected variable will be accessible here..

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Class A is apart of package pac;

and Class C is apart of package another.pac therefore it will be unable to access its member. If C is apart of package pac then it would be able to access the member

See the following post: In Java, difference between default, public, protected, and private

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