What is the difference between g++ and gcc?

 

What is the difference between g++ and gcc? Which ones should be used for general c++ development?

gcc and g++ are compiler-drivers of the 'Gnu Compiler Collection' (which was once upon a time just the 'Gnu C Compiler').

Even though they automatically determine which backends ( cc1 cc1plus ...) to call depending on the file-type, unless overridden with -x language , they have some differences.

The probably most important difference in their defaults is which libraries they link against automatically.

According to GCC's online documentation link options and how g++ is invoked, g++ is equivalent to gcc -xc++ -lstdc++ -shared-libgcc (the 1st is a compiler option, the 2nd two are linker options). This can be checked by running both with the -v option (it displays the backend toolchain commands being run).

GCC: GNU Compiler Collection

  • Referrers to all the different languages that are supported by the GNU compiler.

    • gcc: GNU C Compiler
    g++: GNU C++ Compiler

    The main differences:

  • gcc will compile: *.c/*.cpp files as C and C++ respectively.
  • g++ will compile: *.c/*.cpp files but they will all be treated as C++ files.
  • Also if you use g++ to link the object files it automatically links in the std C++ libraries (gcc does not do this).
  • gcc compiling C files has fewer predefined macros.
  • gcc compiling *.cpp and g++ compiling *.c/*.cpp files has a few extra macros.

    • Extra Macros when compiling *.cpp files: 

    #define __GXX_WEAK__ 1
#define __cplusplus 1
#define __DEPRECATED 1
#define __GNUG__ 4
#define __EXCEPTIONS 1
#define __private_extern__ extern

    For c++ you should use g++.

    It's the same compiler (eg the GNU compiler collection). GCC or G++ just choose a different front-end with different default options.

    In a nutshell: if you use g++ the frontend will tell the linker that you may want to link with the C++ standard libraries. The gcc frontend won't do that (also it could link with them if you pass the right command line options).

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