Failed to install Python Cryptography package with PIP and setup.py
When I try to install the Cryptography package for Python through either pip install cryptography or by downloading the package from their site and running python setup.py , I get the following error:
D:AnacondaScriptspip-script.py run on 02/27/14 16:13:17
Downloading/unpacking cryptography
Getting page https://pypi.python.org/simple/cryptography/
URLs to search for versions for cryptography:
* https://pypi.python.org/simple/cryptography/
Analyzing links from page https://pypi.python.org/simple/cryptography/
Skipping https://pypi.python.org/packages/cp26/c/cryptography/cryptography-0.2-cp26-none-win32.whl#md5=13e5c4b19520e7dc6f07c6502b3f74e2 (from https://pypi.python.org/simple/cryptography/) because it is not compatible with this Python
Skipping https://pypi.python.org/packages/cp26/c/cryptography/cryptography-0.2.1-cp26-none-win32.whl#md5=00e733648ee5cdb9e58876238b1328f8 (from https://pypi.python.org/simple/cryptography/) because it is not compatible with this Python
Skipping https://pypi.python.org/packages/cp27/c/cryptography/cryptography-0.2-cp27-none-win32.whl#md5=013ccafa6a5a3ea92c73f2c1c4879406 (from https://pypi.python.org/simple/cryptography/) because it is not compatible with this Python
Skipping https://pypi.python.org/packages/cp27/c/cryptography/cryptography-0.2.1-cp27-none-win32.whl#md5=127d6a5dc687250721f892d55720a06c (from https://pypi.python.org/simple/cryptography/) because it is not compatible with this Python
Skipping https://pypi.python.org/packages/cp32/c/cryptography/cryptography-0.2-cp32-none-win32.whl#md5=051424a36e91039807b72f112333ded3 (from https://pypi.python.org/simple/cryptography/) because it is not compatible with this Python
Skipping https://pypi.python.org/packages/cp32/c/cryptography/cryptography-0.2.1-cp32-none-win32.whl#md5=53f6f57db8e952d64283baaa14cbde3d (from https://pypi.python.org/simple/cryptography/) because it is not compatible with this Python
Skipping https://pypi.python.org/packages/cp33/c/cryptography/cryptography-0.2-cp33-none-win32.whl#md5=302812c1c1a035cf9ba3292f8dbf3f9e (from https://pypi.python.org/simple/cryptography/) because it is not compatible with this Python
Skipping https://pypi.python.org/packages/cp33/c/cryptography/cryptography-0.2.1-cp33-none-win32.whl#md5=81acca90caf8a45f2ca73f3f9859fae4 (from https://pypi.python.org/simple/cryptography/) because it is not compatible with this Python
Found link https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/c/cryptography/cryptography-0.1.tar.gz#md5=bdc1c5fe069deca7467b71a0cc538f17 (from https://pypi.python.org/simple/cryptography/), version: 0.1
Found link https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/c/cryptography/cryptography-0.2.1.tar.gz#md5=872fc04268dadc66a0305ae5ab1c123b (from https://pypi.python.org/simple/cryptography/), version: 0.2.1
Found link https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/c/cryptography/cryptography-0.2.tar.gz#md5=8a3d21e837a21e1b7634ee1f22b06bb6 (from https://pypi.python.org/simple/cryptography/), version: 0.2
Using version 0.2.1 (newest of versions: 0.2.1, 0.2, 0.1)
Downloading from URL https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/c/cryptography/cryptography-0.2.1.tar.gz#md5=872fc04268dadc66a0305ae5ab1c123b (from https://pypi.python.org/simple/cryptography/)
Running setup.py (path:c:userspacoappdatalocaltemppip_build_Pacocryptographysetup.py) egg_info for package cryptography
In file included from c/_cffi_backend.c:7:0:
c/misc_win32.h:225:23: error: two or more data types in declaration specifiers
c/misc_win32.h:225:1: warning: useless type name in empty declaration [enabled by default]
c/_cffi_backend.c: In function 'convert_array_from_object':
c/_cffi_backend.c:1105:26: warning: unknown conversion type character 'z' in format [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:1105:26: warning: too many arguments for format [-Wformat-extra-args]
c/_cffi_backend.c:1130:30: warning: unknown conversion type character 'z' in format [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:1130:30: warning: too many arguments for format [-Wformat-extra-args]
c/_cffi_backend.c:1150:30: warning: unknown conversion type character 'z' in format [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:1150:30: warning: too many arguments for format [-Wformat-extra-args]
c/_cffi_backend.c: In function 'convert_struct_from_object':
c/_cffi_backend.c:1183:26: warning: unknown conversion type character 'z' in format [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:1183:26: warning: too many arguments for format [-Wformat-extra-args]
c/_cffi_backend.c:1196:30: warning: unknown conversion type character 'z' in format [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:1196:30: warning: too many arguments for format [-Wformat-extra-args]
c/_cffi_backend.c: In function 'cdata_repr':
c/_cffi_backend.c:1583:13: warning: unknown conversion type character 'L' in format [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:1583:13: warning: too many arguments for format [-Wformat-extra-args]
c/_cffi_backend.c:1595:9: warning: unknown conversion type character 'z' in format [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:1595:9: warning: too many arguments for format [-Wformat-extra-args]
c/_cffi_backend.c: In function 'cdataowning_repr':
c/_cffi_backend.c:1647:30: warning: unknown conversion type character 'z' in format [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:1647:30: warning: too many arguments for format [-Wformat-extra-args]
c/_cffi_backend.c: In function '_cdata_get_indexed_ptr':
c/_cffi_backend.c:1820:26: warning: unknown conversion type character 'z' in format [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:1820:26: warning: unknown conversion type character 'z' in format [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:1820:26: warning: too many arguments for format [-Wformat-extra-args]
c/_cffi_backend.c: In function '_cdata_getslicearg':
c/_cffi_backend.c:1872:26: warning: unknown conversion type character 'z' in format [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:1872:26: warning: unknown conversion type character 'z' in format [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:1872:26: warning: too many arguments for format [-Wformat-extra-args]
c/_cffi_backend.c: In function 'cdata_ass_slice':
c/_cffi_backend.c:1951:26: warning: unknown conversion type character 'z' in format [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:1951:26: warning: unknown conversion type character 'z' in format [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:1951:26: warning: too many arguments for format [-Wformat-extra-args]
c/_cffi_backend.c:1969:30: warning: unknown conversion type character 'z' in format [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:1969:30: warning: unknown conversion type character 'z' in format [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:1969:30: warning: too many arguments for format [-Wformat-extra-args]
c/_cffi_backend.c:1983:22: warning: unknown conversion type character 'z' in format [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:1983:22: warning: too many arguments for format [-Wformat-extra-args]
c/_cffi_backend.c: In function 'cdata_call':
c/_cffi_backend.c:2367:30: warning: unknown conversion type character 'z' in format [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:2367:30: warning: format '%s' expects argument of type 'char *', but argument 3 has type 'Py_ssize_t' [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:2367:30: warning: too many arguments for format [-Wformat-extra-args]
c/_cffi_backend.c: In function 'cast_to_integer_or_char':
c/_cffi_backend.c:2916:26: warning: unknown conversion type character 'z' in format [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:2916:26: warning: format '%s' expects argument of type 'char *', but argument 3 has type 'Py_ssize_t' [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:2916:26: warning: too many arguments for format [-Wformat-extra-args]
c/_cffi_backend.c:2928:26: warning: unknown conversion type character 'z' in format [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:2928:26: warning: format '%s' expects argument of type 'char *', but argument 3 has type 'Py_ssize_t' [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:2928:26: warning: too many arguments for format [-Wformat-extra-args]
c/_cffi_backend.c: In function 'new_array_type':
c/_cffi_backend.c:3480:9: warning: unknown conversion type character 'l' in format [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:3480:9: warning: too many arguments for format [-Wformat-extra-args]
c/_cffi_backend.c: In function 'b_complete_struct_or_union':
c/_cffi_backend.c:3878:22: warning: unknown conversion type character 'z' in format [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:3878:22: warning: unknown conversion type character 'z' in format [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:3878:22: warning: too many arguments for format [-Wformat-extra-args]
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<string>", line 17, in <module>
File "c:userspacoappdatalocaltemppip_build_Pacocryptographysetup.py", line 113, in <module>
"build": cffi_build,
File "D:Anacondalibdistutilscore.py", line 112, in setup
_setup_distribution = dist = klass(attrs)
File "buildbdist.win-amd64eggsetuptoolsdist.py", line 239, in __init__
File "buildbdist.win-amd64eggsetuptoolsdist.py", line 264, in fetch_build_eggs
File "buildbdist.win-amd64eggpkg_resources.py", line 580, in resolve
dist = best[req.key] = env.best_match(req, ws, installer)
File "buildbdist.win-amd64eggpkg_resources.py", line 818, in best_match
return self.obtain(req, installer) # try and download/install
File "buildbdist.win-amd64eggpkg_resources.py", line 830, in obtain
return installer(requirement)
File "buildbdist.win-amd64eggsetuptoolsdist.py", line 314, in fetch_build_egg
File "buildbdist.win-amd64eggsetuptoolscommandeasy_install.py", line 593, in easy_install
File "buildbdist.win-amd64eggsetuptoolscommandeasy_install.py", line 623, in install_item
File "buildbdist.win-amd64eggsetuptoolscommandeasy_install.py", line 809, in install_eggs
File "buildbdist.win-amd64eggsetuptoolscommandeasy_install.py", line 1015, in build_and_install
File "buildbdist.win-amd64eggsetuptoolscommandeasy_install.py", line 1003, in run_setup
distutils.errors.DistutilsError: Setup script exited with error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1
Complete output from command python setup.py egg_info:
In file included from c/_cffi_backend.c:7:0:
c/misc_win32.h:225:23: error: two or more data types in declaration specifiers
c/misc_win32.h:225:1: warning: useless type name in empty declaration [enabled by default]
c/_cffi_backend.c: In function 'convert_array_from_object':
c/_cffi_backend.c:1105:26: warning: unknown conversion type character 'z' in format [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:1105:26: warning: too many arguments for format [-Wformat-extra-args]
c/_cffi_backend.c:1130:30: warning: unknown conversion type character 'z' in format [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:1130:30: warning: too many arguments for format [-Wformat-extra-args]
c/_cffi_backend.c:1150:30: warning: unknown conversion type character 'z' in format [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:1150:30: warning: too many arguments for format [-Wformat-extra-args]
c/_cffi_backend.c: In function 'convert_struct_from_object':
c/_cffi_backend.c:1183:26: warning: unknown conversion type character 'z' in format [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:1183:26: warning: too many arguments for format [-Wformat-extra-args]
c/_cffi_backend.c:1196:30: warning: unknown conversion type character 'z' in format [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:1196:30: warning: too many arguments for format [-Wformat-extra-args]
c/_cffi_backend.c: In function 'cdata_repr':
c/_cffi_backend.c:1583:13: warning: unknown conversion type character 'L' in format [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:1583:13: warning: too many arguments for format [-Wformat-extra-args]
c/_cffi_backend.c:1595:9: warning: unknown conversion type character 'z' in format [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:1595:9: warning: too many arguments for format [-Wformat-extra-args]
c/_cffi_backend.c: In function 'cdataowning_repr':
c/_cffi_backend.c:1647:30: warning: unknown conversion type character 'z' in format [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:1647:30: warning: too many arguments for format [-Wformat-extra-args]
c/_cffi_backend.c: In function '_cdata_get_indexed_ptr':
c/_cffi_backend.c:1820:26: warning: unknown conversion type character 'z' in format [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:1820:26: warning: unknown conversion type character 'z' in format [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:1820:26: warning: too many arguments for format [-Wformat-extra-args]
c/_cffi_backend.c: In function '_cdata_getslicearg':
c/_cffi_backend.c:1872:26: warning: unknown conversion type character 'z' in format [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:1872:26: warning: unknown conversion type character 'z' in format [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:1872:26: warning: too many arguments for format [-Wformat-extra-args]
c/_cffi_backend.c: In function 'cdata_ass_slice':
c/_cffi_backend.c:1951:26: warning: unknown conversion type character 'z' in format [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:1951:26: warning: unknown conversion type character 'z' in format [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:1951:26: warning: too many arguments for format [-Wformat-extra-args]
c/_cffi_backend.c:1969:30: warning: unknown conversion type character 'z' in format [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:1969:30: warning: unknown conversion type character 'z' in format [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:1969:30: warning: too many arguments for format [-Wformat-extra-args]
c/_cffi_backend.c:1983:22: warning: unknown conversion type character 'z' in format [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:1983:22: warning: too many arguments for format [-Wformat-extra-args]
c/_cffi_backend.c: In function 'cdata_call':
c/_cffi_backend.c:2367:30: warning: unknown conversion type character 'z' in format [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:2367:30: warning: format '%s' expects argument of type 'char *', but argument 3 has type 'Py_ssize_t' [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:2367:30: warning: too many arguments for format [-Wformat-extra-args]
c/_cffi_backend.c: In function 'cast_to_integer_or_char':
c/_cffi_backend.c:2916:26: warning: unknown conversion type character 'z' in format [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:2916:26: warning: format '%s' expects argument of type 'char *', but argument 3 has type 'Py_ssize_t' [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:2916:26: warning: too many arguments for format [-Wformat-extra-args]
c/_cffi_backend.c:2928:26: warning: unknown conversion type character 'z' in format [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:2928:26: warning: format '%s' expects argument of type 'char *', but argument 3 has type 'Py_ssize_t' [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:2928:26: warning: too many arguments for format [-Wformat-extra-args]
c/_cffi_backend.c: In function 'new_array_type':
c/_cffi_backend.c:3480:9: warning: unknown conversion type character 'l' in format [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:3480:9: warning: too many arguments for format [-Wformat-extra-args]
c/_cffi_backend.c: In function 'b_complete_struct_or_union':
c/_cffi_backend.c:3878:22: warning: unknown conversion type character 'z' in format [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:3878:22: warning: unknown conversion type character 'z' in format [-Wformat]
c/_cffi_backend.c:3878:22: warning: too many arguments for format [-Wformat-extra-args]
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<string>", line 17, in <module>
File "c:userspacoappdatalocaltemppip_build_Pacocryptographysetup.py", line 113, in <module>
"build": cffi_build,
File "D:Anacondalibdistutilscore.py", line 112, in setup
_setup_distribution = dist = klass(attrs)
File "buildbdist.win-amd64eggsetuptoolsdist.py", line 239, in __init__
File "buildbdist.win-amd64eggsetuptoolsdist.py", line 264, in fetch_build_eggs
File "buildbdist.win-amd64eggpkg_resources.py", line 580, in resolve
dist = best[req.key] = env.best_match(req, ws, installer)
File "buildbdist.win-amd64eggpkg_resources.py", line 818, in best_match
return self.obtain(req, installer) # try and download/install
File "buildbdist.win-amd64eggpkg_resources.py", line 830, in obtain
return installer(requirement)
File "buildbdist.win-amd64eggsetuptoolsdist.py", line 314, in fetch_build_egg
File "buildbdist.win-amd64eggsetuptoolscommandeasy_install.py", line 593, in easy_install
File "buildbdist.win-amd64eggsetuptoolscommandeasy_install.py", line 623, in install_item
File "buildbdist.win-amd64eggsetuptoolscommandeasy_install.py", line 809, in install_eggs
File "buildbdist.win-amd64eggsetuptoolscommandeasy_install.py", line 1015, in build_and_install
File "buildbdist.win-amd64eggsetuptoolscommandeasy_install.py", line 1003, in run_setup
distutils.errors.DistutilsError: Setup script exited with error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1
----------------------------------------
Cleaning up...
Removing temporary dir c:userspacoappdatalocaltemppip_build_Paco...
Command python setup.py egg_info failed with error code 1 in c:userspacoappdatalocaltemppip_build_Pacocryptography
Exception information:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "D:Anacondalibsite-packagespip-1.5.4-py2.7.eggpipbasecommand.py", line 122, in main
status = self.run(options, args)
File "D:Anacondalibsite-packagespip-1.5.4-py2.7.eggpipcommandsinstall.py", line 278, in run
requirement_set.prepare_files(finder, force_root_egg_info=self.bundle, bundle=self.bundle)
File "D:Anacondalibsite-packagespip-1.5.4-py2.7.eggpipreq.py", line 1229, in prepare_files
req_to_install.run_egg_info()
File "D:Anacondalibsite-packagespip-1.5.4-py2.7.eggpipreq.py", line 325, in run_egg_info
command_desc='python setup.py egg_info')
File "D:Anacondalibsite-packagespip-1.5.4-py2.7.eggpiputil.py", line 697, in call_subprocess
% (command_desc, proc.returncode, cwd))
InstallationError: Command python setup.py egg_info failed with error code 1 in c:userspacoappdatalocaltemppip_build_Pacocryptography
I found other egg_info error posts (here and here) but the solutions there provided wouldn't solve my problem. Also, I am able to install other packages through PIP.
PIP version 1.5.4 setuptools version 2.2
I had a similar issue, and found i was simply missing a dependancy (libssl-dev, for me). As referenced in https://cryptography.io/en/latest/installation/, ensure that all dependancies are met:
On Windows
If you're on Windows you'll need to make sure you have OpenSSL installed. There are pre-compiled binaries available. If your installation is in an unusual location set the LIB and INCLUDE environment variables to include the corresponding locations. For example:
C:> pathtovcvarsall.bat x86_amd64
C:> set LIB=C:OpenSSL-1.0.1f-64bitlib;%LIB%
C:> set INCLUDE=C:OpenSSL-1.0.1f-64bitinclude;%INCLUDE%
C:> pip install cryptography
Building cryptography on Linux
cryptography should build very easily on Linux provided you have a C compiler, headers for Python (if you're not using pypy), and headers for the OpenSSL and libffi libraries available on your system.
For Debian and Ubuntu , the following command will ensure that the required dependencies are installed:
sudo apt-get install build-essential libssl-dev libffi-dev python-dev
For Fedora and RHEL-derivatives , the following command will ensure that the required dependencies are installed:
sudo yum install gcc libffi-devel python-devel openssl-devel
You should now be able to build and install cryptography with the usual.
pip install cryptography
This is a condensed version of the information found on cryptography's installation docs page. Consult that page for the latest details.
Since this SO question keeps coming up I'll drop a response here too (I am one of the pyca/cryptography developers). Here's what you need to reliably install pyca/cryptography on the 3 major platforms.
Please note in all these cases it is highly recommended that you install into a virtualenv and not into the global package space. This is not specific to cryptography but rather is generic advice to keep your Python installation reliable. The global package space in OS provided Pythons is owned by the system and installing things via pip into it is asking for trouble.
Windows
Upgrade to the latest pip (8.1.2 as of June 2016) and just pip install cryptography
cryptography and cffi are both shipped as statically linked wheels.
OS X
Upgrade to the latest pip (8.1.2 as of June 2016) and just pip install cryptography
cryptography and cffi are both shipped as statically linked wheels. This will work for pyenv Python, system Python, homebrew Python, etc. As long as you're on the latest pip you won't even need a compiler.
Linux
As of version 2.0 cryptography ships manylinux1 wheels. This means users with pip 8.1+ running on a glibc-based distribution (almost everything except Alpine Linux) and on x86/x86-64 (sorry Raspberry Pi people) no longer need a compiler or headers because you'll get a precompiled wheel automatically. So, first thing you should try is upgrading your pip!
If you aren't manylinux1 compatible then here's what you need to do:
You'll need a C compiler, libffi + its development headers, and openssl + its development headers.
Debian or Ubuntu derived distributions
apt-get install build-essential libssl-dev libffi-dev python-dev followed by
pip install cryptography
Red Hat derived distributions
yum install gcc openssl-devel libffi-devel python-devel followed by
pip install cryptography
For those of you running OS X, here is what worked for me:
brew install openssl
env ARCHFLAGS="-arch x86_64" LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/openssl/lib" CFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/openssl/include"
pip install cryptography
(Running 10.9 Mavericks)
You may also want to try merging the flags and pip commands to the following per the comment below:
brew install openssl
env ARCHFLAGS="-arch x86_64" LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/openssl/lib" CFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/openssl/include" pip install cryptography