Install a Python package into a different directory using pip?
I know the obvious answer is to use virtualenv and virtualenvwrapper, but for various reasons I can't/don't want to do that.
So how do I modify the command
pip install package_name
to make pip install the package somewhere other than the default site-packages ?
Use:
pip install --install-option="--prefix=$PREFIX_PATH" package_name
You might also want to use --ignore-installed to force all dependencies to be reinstalled using this new prefix. You can use --install-option to multiple times to add any of the options you can use with python setup.py install ( --prefix is probably what you want, but there are a bunch more options you could use).
The --target switch is the thing you're looking for:
pip install --target=d:somewhereotherthanthedefault package_name
But you still need to add d:somewhereotherthanthedefault to PYTHONPATH to actually use them from that location.
Upgrade pip if target switch is not available:
On Linux or OS X:
pip install -U pip
On Windows (this works around an issue):
python -m pip install -U pip
Instead of the --target option or the --install-options option, I have found that the following works well (from discussion on a bug regarding this very thing at https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/446):
PYTHONUSERBASE=/path/to/install/to pip install --user
(Or set the PYTHONUSERBASE directory in your environment before running the command, using export PYTHONUSERBASE=/path/to/install/to )
This uses the very useful --user option but tells it to make the bin , lib , share and other directories you'd expect under a custom prefix rather than $HOME/.local .
Then you can add this to your PATH , PYTHONPATH and other variables as you would a normal installation directory.
Note that you may also need to specify the --upgrade and --ignore-installed options if any packages upon which this depends require newer versions to be installed in the PYTHONUSERBASE directory, to override the system-provided versions.
A full example:
PYTHONUSERBASE=/opt/mysterypackage-1.0/python-deps pip install --user --upgrade numpy scipy
..to install the scipy and numpy package most recent versions into a directory which you can then include in your PYTHONPATH like so (using bash and for python 2.6 on CentOS 6 for this example):
export PYTHONPATH=/opt/mysterypackage-1.0/python-deps/lib64/python2.6/site-packages:$PYTHONPATH
export PATH=/opt/mysterypackage-1.0/python-deps/bin:$PATH
Using virtualenv is still a better and neater solution!
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