C++ type casting

 

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When should static_cast, dynamic_cast and reinterpret_cast be used?

Until a few days ago, I've always used C style type casting in C++ because it seemed to work good. I recently found out that using C in C++ is very bad..

I've never really used C++ casting before, so I'm wondering if someone could tell me (in their own words preferably) what the difference between static_cast, reinterpret_cast and const_cast are?

const_cast I know removes a "const" from something, but I'm not sure what the difference between them all is, and what one I need to use in different situations.

To say "C casting is bad" is an extremity that by itself is about as bad as using C-style casts all the time.

The areas where "new" C++ style casts should be used are: hierarchical casts (upcasts, downcasts, crosscasts), const-correctness casts and reinterpretation casts. For arithmetical casts C-style casts work perfectly fine and pose no danger, which is why they can safely be used in C++ code. In fact, I would actually recommend using specifically C-style casts as arithmetical casts - just to make arithmetical casts to look different from other cast types.

static_cast<TYPE>(e-of-TYPE2) is a safe cast. It means that there is a convert from TYPE2 to TYPE1.

reinterpret_cast is close to a C cast in that it allows pretty much any conversion (with some limitations). The compiler expects you to know the type conversion is correct.

One thing that neither static_cast nor reinterpret_cast are allowed to do is remove a const. IE if you have a const char * and need to cast it to a char * , neither static_cast nor reinterpret_cast will allow that. Instead, const_cast is your friend; const_cast is used for removing a const modifier from a type.

  • static_cast is the standard c++ way to do a cast at compile time when programmer knows the type of an object and/or wants to let the compiler know.
  • dynamic_cast is like '(T)obj' where the cast is checked at runtime.
  • reinterpret_cast is used to cast between different objects without a runtime check.
  • const_cast explicitly converts to a type that is identical by removing the const and volatile qualifiers.
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