Redefine tab as 4 spaces
My current setting assumes 8 spaces; how could I redefine it?
It depends on what you mean. Do you want actual tab characters in your file to appear 4 spaces wide, or by "tab" do you actually mean an indent, generated by pressing the tab key, which would result in the file literally containing (up to) 4 space characters for each "tab" you type?
Depending on your answer, one of the following sets of settings should work for you:
For tab characters that appear 4-spaces-wide :
set tabstop=4
If you're using actual tab character in your source code you probably also want these settings (these are actually the defaults, but you may want to set them defensively):
set softtabstop=0 noexpandtab
Finally, if you want an indent to correspond to a single tab, you should also use:
set shiftwidth=4
For indents that consist of 4 space characters but are entered with the tab key:
set tabstop=8 softtabstop=0 expandtab shiftwidth=4 smarttab
To make the above settings permanent add these lines to your vimrc.
In case you need to make adjustments, or would simply like to understand what these options all mean, here's a breakdown of what each option means:
tabstop
The width of a hard tabstop measured in "spaces" -- effectively the (maximum) width of an actual tab character.
shiftwidth
The size of an "indent". It's also measured in spaces, so if your code base indents with tab characters then you want shiftwidth to equal the number of tab characters times tabstop . This is also used by things like the = , > and < commands.
softtabstop
Setting this to a non-zero value other than tabstop will make the tab key (in insert mode) insert a combination of spaces (and possibly tabs) to simulate tab stops at this width.
expandtab
Enabling this will make the tab key (in insert mode) insert spaces instead of tab characters. This also affects the behavior of the retab command.
smarttab
Enabling this will make the tab key (in insert mode) insert spaces or tabs to go to the next indent of the next tabstop when the cursor is at the beginning of a line (ie the only preceding characters are whitespace).
For more details on any of these see :help 'optionname' in vim (eg :help 'tabstop' )
To define this on a permanent basis for the current user, create (or edit) the .vimrc file:
$ vim ~/.vimrc
Then, paste the configuration below into the file. Once vim is restarted, the tab settings will apply.
set tabstop=4 " The width of a TAB is set to 4.
" Still it is a t. It is just that
" Vim will interpret it to be having
" a width of 4.
set shiftwidth=4 " Indents will have a width of 4
set softtabstop=4 " Sets the number of columns for a TAB
set expandtab " Expand TABs to spaces
或vim modeline的简写：
vim :set ts=4 sw=4 sts=4 et :
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