How do I call one constructor from another in Java?

Is it possible to call a constructor from another (within the same class, not from a subclass)? If yes how? And what could be the best way to call another constructor (if there are several ways to do it)?

---

Yes, it is possible:

public class Foo {
    private int x;

    public Foo() {
        this(1);
    }

    public Foo(int x) {
        this.x = x;
    }
}

To chain to a particular superclass constructor instead of one in the same class, use super instead of this . Note that you can only chain to one constructor , and it has to be the first statement in your constructor body .

See also this related question, which is about C# but where the same principles apply.

---

Using this(args) . The preferred pattern is to work from the smallest constructor to the largest.

public class Cons {

 public Cons() {
  // A no arguments constructor that sends default values to the largest
  this(madeUpArg1Value,madeUpArg2Value,madeUpArg3Value);
 }

 public Cons(int arg1, int arg2) {
  // An example of a partial constructor that uses the passed in arguments
  // and sends a hidden default value to the largest
  this(arg1,arg2, madeUpArg3Value);
 }

 // Largest constructor that does the work
 public Cons(int arg1, int arg2, int arg3) {
  this.arg1 = arg1;
  this.arg2 = arg2;
  this.arg3 = arg3;
 }
}

You can also use a more recently advocated approach of valueOf or just "of":

public class Cons {
 public static Cons newCons(int arg1,...) {
  // This function is commonly called valueOf, like Integer.valueOf(..)
  // More recently called "of", like EnumSet.of(..)
  Cons c = new Cons(...);
  c.setArg1(....);
  return c;
 }
} 

To call a super class, use super(asdf) . The call to super must be the first call in the constructor or you will get a compiler error.

---

[Note: I just want to add one aspect, which I did not see in the other answers: how to overcome limitations of the requirement that this() has to be on the first line).]

In Java another constructor of the same class can be called from a constructor via this() . Note however that this has to be on the first line.

public class MyClass {

  public MyClass(double argument1, double argument2) {
    this(argument1, argument2, 0.0);
  }

  public MyClass(double argument1, double argument2, double argument3) {
    this.argument1 = argument1;
    this.argument2 = argument2;
    this.argument3 = argument3;
  }
}

That this has to appear on the first line looks like a big limitation, but you can construct the arguments of other constructors via static methods. For example:

public class MyClass {

  public MyClass(double argument1, double argument2) {
    this(argument1, argument2, getDefaultArg3(argument1, argument2));
  }

  public MyClass(double argument1, double argument2, double argument3) {
    this.argument1 = argument1;
    this.argument2 = argument2;
    this.argument3 = argument3;
  }

  private static double getDefaultArg3(double argument1, double argument2) {
    double argument3 = 0;

    // Calculate argument3 here if you like.

    return argument3;

  }

}

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