使用树形顺序从表中选择行

我有女巫包含字段:id,parent_id,名称(等)

我想按照“树木旅行顺序”命令这张桌子。

id  parent_id
1,  0
3,  1
5,  1

2,  0
8,  2

4,  0
9,  4

(......)

简单描述:生根节点,追加所有子节点,接下来的根节点追加子节点等。


根据你的描述,我假设你的意思是广度优先,这可以用WITH RECURSIVE查询(PostgreSQL 8.4+)轻松完成:

WITH RECURSIVE tree 
AS 
(
    SELECT 
        node_name, id, parent_id, NULL::varchar AS parent_name 
    FROM foo 
    WHERE parent_id IS NULL 
    UNION
    SELECT 
        node_name, f1.id, f1.parent_id, tree.node_name AS parent_name 
    FROM 
        tree 
        JOIN foo f1 ON f1.parent_id = tree.id
) 
SELECT node_name, empno, parent_id, node_name FROM tree;

您也可以使用以下SQL使用深度优先顺序:

WITH RECURSIVE tree 
AS 
(
    SELECT 
        node_name, id, parent_id, NULL::varchar AS parent_name, id::text AS path 
    FROM foo WHERE parent_id IS NULL 
    UNION
    SELECT 
        node_name, f1.id, f1.parent_id, tree.node_name AS parent_name, tree.path || '-' || f1.id::text AS path 
    FROM 
        tree 
        JOIN foo f1 ON f1.parent_id = tree.id
) 
SELECT node_name, empno, parent_id, node_name, path FROM tree ORDER BY path;

正如synergetic所注意到的,由Diogo Biazus提供的深度优先的解决方案不适用于具有不同数字位数的ID。

但是您可以使用此解决方案,它使用整数数组:

WITH RECURSIVE tree 
AS 
(
    SELECT 
        node_name, id, parent_id, NULL::varchar AS parent_name, array[id] AS path 
    FROM foo WHERE parent_id IS NULL 
    UNION
    SELECT 
        node_name, f1.id, f1.parent_id, tree.node_name AS parent_name, tree.path || f1.id AS path 
    FROM 
        tree 
        JOIN foo f1 ON f1.parent_id = tree.id
) 
SELECT node_name, empno, parent_id, node_name, path FROM tree ORDER BY path;

您也可以使用优秀的LTree模块,但您需要稍微重新组织数据。

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