Fast and Lean PDF Viewer for iPhone / iPad / iOs
There has been many Questions recently about drawing PDF's.
Yes, you can render PDF's very easily with a UIWebView but this cant give the performance and functionality that you would expect from a good PDF viewer.
You can draw a PDF page to a CALayer or to a UIImage. Apple even have sample code to show how draw a large PDF in a Zoomable UIScrollview
But the same issues keep cropping up.
UIImage Method:
UIImage don't optically scale as well as a Layer approach. UIImages from a PDFcontext limits/prevents using it to create a real-time render of new zoom-levels. CATiledLayer Method:
CALayer : individual tiles can be seen rendering (even with a tileSize tweak) CALayers cant be prepared ahead of time (rendered off-screen). Generally PDF viewers are pretty heavy on memory too. Even monitor the memory usage of apple's zoomable PDF example.
In my current project, I'm developing a PDF viewer and am rendering a UIImage of a page in a separate thread (issues here too!) and presenting it while the scale is x1. CATiledLayer rendering kicks in once the scale is >1. iBooks takes a similar double take approach as if you scroll the pages you can see a lower res version of the page for just less than a second before a crisp version appears.
Im rendering 2 pages each side of the page in focus so that the PDF image is ready to mask the layer before it starts drawing.Pages are destroyed again when they are +2 pages away from the focused page.
Does anyone have any insights, no matter how small or obvious to improve the performance/ memory handling of Drawing PDF's? or any other issues discussed here?
EDIT: Some Tips (Credit- Luke Mcneice,VdesmedT,Matt Gallagher,Johann):
Save any media to disk when you can.
Use larger tileSizes if rendering on TiledLayers
init frequently used arrays with placeholder objects, alternitively another design approach is this one
Note that images will render faster than a CGPDFPageRef
Use NSOperations or GCD & Blocks to prepare pages ahead of time.
call CGContextSetInterpolationQuality(ctx, kCGInterpolationHigh); CGContextSetRenderingIntent(ctx, kCGRenderingIntentDefault); CGContextSetInterpolationQuality(ctx, kCGInterpolationHigh); CGContextSetRenderingIntent(ctx, kCGRenderingIntentDefault); before CGContextDrawPDFPage to reduce memory usage while drawing
init'ing your NSOperations with a docRef is a bad idea (memory), wrap the docRef into a singleton.
Cancel needless NSOperations When you can, especially if they will be using memory, beware of leaving contexts open though!
Recycle page objects and destroy unused views
Close any open Contexts as soon as you don't need them
on receiving memory warnings release and reload the DocRef and any page Caches
Other PDF Features:
Getting Links inside a PDF (and here and here)
Understanding the PDF Rect for link positioning
Converting PDF annot datestrings
Getting the target of the link (Getting the page number from the /Dest array)
Getting a table of contents
Document title and Keywords
Getting Raw Text (and here and Here and here (positioning focused))
Searching(and here) (doesn't work with all PDFs (some just show weird characters, I guess it's an encoding issue but I'm not sure) -Credit BrainFeeder)
CALayer and Off-Screen Rendering - render the next page for fast/smooth display
Documentation
Example projects
UIScrollView , CATiledLayer UIScrollView , CATiledView I have build such kind of application using approximatively the same approach except :
UIImage but instead draw the image in the layer when zooming is 1. Those tiles will be released automatically when memory warnings are issued. Whenever the user start zooming, I acquire the CGPDFPage and render it using the appropriate CTM. The code in - (void)drawLayer: (CALayer*)layer inContext: (CGContextRef) context is like :
CGAffineTransform currentCTM = CGContextGetCTM(context);
if (currentCTM.a == 1.0 && baseImage) {
//Calculate ideal scale
CGFloat scaleForWidth = baseImage.size.width/self.bounds.size.width;
CGFloat scaleForHeight = baseImage.size.height/self.bounds.size.height;
CGFloat imageScaleFactor = MAX(scaleForWidth, scaleForHeight);
CGSize imageSize = CGSizeMake(baseImage.size.width/imageScaleFactor, baseImage.size.height/imageScaleFactor);
CGRect imageRect = CGRectMake((self.bounds.size.width-imageSize.width)/2, (self.bounds.size.height-imageSize.height)/2, imageSize.width, imageSize.height);
CGContextDrawImage(context, imageRect, [baseImage CGImage]);
} else {
@synchronized(issue) {
CGPDFPageRef pdfPage = CGPDFDocumentGetPage(issue.pdfDoc, pageIndex+1);
pdfToPageTransform = CGPDFPageGetDrawingTransform(pdfPage, kCGPDFMediaBox, layer.bounds, 0, true);
CGContextConcatCTM(context, pdfToPageTransform);
CGContextDrawPDFPage(context, pdfPage);
}
}
issue is the object containg the CGPDFDocumentRef . I synchronize the part where I access the pdfDoc property because I release it and recreate it when receiving memoryWarnings. It seems that the CGPDFDocumentRef object do some internal caching that I did not find how to get rid of.
For a simple and effective PDF viewer, when you require only limited functionality, you can now (iOS 4.0+) use the QuickLook framework:
First, you need to link against QuickLook.framework and #import <QuickLook/QuickLook.h>;
Afterwards, in either viewDidLoad or any of the lazy initialization methods:
QLPreviewController *previewController = [[QLPreviewController alloc] init];
previewController.dataSource = self;
previewController.delegate = self;
previewController.currentPreviewItemIndex = indexPath.row;
[self presentModalViewController:previewController animated:YES];
[previewController release];
Since iOS 11 , you can use the native framework called PDFKit for displaying and manipulating PDFs.
After importing PDFKit, you should initialize a PDFView with a local or a remote URL and display it in your view.
if let url = Bundle.main.url(forResource: "example", withExtension: "pdf") {
let pdfView = PDFView(frame: view.frame)
pdfView.document = PDFDocument(url: url)
view.addSubview(pdfView)
}
Read more about PDFKit in the Apple Developer documentation.
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