setuptools测试隐藏导入错误。如何获得更好的信息？

2018-06-15 10:08:40

在python setuptools中，python setup.py测试运行测试套件。但是，如果我的测试套件中存在导入错误，则我得到的唯一错误消息是一个AttributeError，它抱怨我的测试类缺失。有没有办法获得更详细的错误信息，所以我可以修复测试套件？

下面的例子我会更好地解释自己。假设我有一个名为foo的包，用paster重新创建。然后我添加测试

./foo
./foo/__init__.py
./foo/tests
./foo/tests/__init__.py
./foo/tests/mytest.py
./setup.cfg
./setup.py

现在，假设mytest.py包含以下代码

import unittest
class MyTestClass(unittest.TestCase):
    def testFoo(self):
        self.assertEqual(1,1)

这工作。但是，如果我尝试导入未提供的模块

import unittest
import frombiz
class MyTestClass(unittest.TestCase):
    def testFoo(self):
        self.assertEqual(1,1)

这是我获得的错误

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "setup.py", line 26, in <module>
    test_suite = "foo.tests"
  File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/distutils/core.py", line 152, in setup
    dist.run_commands()
  File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/distutils/dist.py", line 975, in run_commands
    self.run_command(cmd)
  File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/distutils/dist.py", line 995, in run_command
    cmd_obj.run()
  File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/Extras/lib/python/setuptools/command/test.py", line 121, in run
    self.with_project_on_sys_path(self.run_tests)
  File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/Extras/lib/python/setuptools/command/test.py", line 101, in with_project_on_sys_path
    func()
  File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/Extras/lib/python/setuptools/command/test.py", line 130, in run_tests
    testLoader = loader_class()
  File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/unittest.py", line 816, in __init__
    self.parseArgs(argv)
  File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/unittest.py", line 843, in parseArgs
    self.createTests()
  File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/unittest.py", line 849, in createTests
    self.module)
  File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/unittest.py", line 613, in loadTestsFromNames
    suites = [self.loadTestsFromName(name, module) for name in names]
  File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/unittest.py", line 587, in loadTestsFromName
    return self.loadTestsFromModule(obj)
  File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/Extras/lib/python/setuptools/command/test.py", line 34, in loadTestsFromModule
    tests.append(self.loadTestsFromName(submodule))
  File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/unittest.py", line 584, in loadTestsFromName
    parent, obj = obj, getattr(obj, part)
AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'mytest'

换句话说，没有提及失败的导入。

问题是__import__()的第一个参数必须是模块。当你需要用虚线名称到达某个对象时，你永远不会知道哪个部分是模块，哪些不是。获取module.subname对象的一种方法是首先尝试将其作为子模块导入，并在失败时使用getattr(module, subname)作为unittest 。这有时会给你AttributeError而不是ImportError 。另一种方法是首先尝试getattr(module, subname)并且仅在尝试导入时失败。这种方式并不是更好：当更合适的时候会出现ImportError AttributeError ImportError 。

也许是最好的unittest可以在这种情况下，做的是提高自己的异常说，进口和属性查找失败。尝试发送此问题的错误报告。

用鼻子。不需要修改你的代码。做就是了：

$ pip install nose
$ nosetests

如果有一个ImportError，你会看到它：

ERROR: Failure: ImportError (cannot import name MyModel)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/garyvdm/bwreport/ve/lib/python3.2/site-packages/nose/failure.py", line 37, in runTest
    raise self.exc_class(self.exc_val).with_traceback(self.tb)
  File "/home/garyvdm/bwreport/ve/lib/python3.2/site-packages/nose/loader.py", line 390, in loadTestsFromName
    addr.filename, addr.module)
  File "/home/garyvdm/bwreport/ve/lib/python3.2/site-packages/nose/importer.py", line 39, in importFromPath
    return self.importFromDir(dir_path, fqname)
  File "/home/garyvdm/bwreport/ve/lib/python3.2/site-packages/nose/importer.py", line 86, in importFromDir
    mod = load_module(part_fqname, fh, filename, desc)
  File "/home/garyvdm/bwreport/bwreport/daemon/__init__.py", line 11, in <module>
    from bwreport.models import (
ImportError: cannot import name MyModel

你可能也想用Distribute来尝试你的代码（setuptools的一个分支，因为setuptools没有被非常主动地维护）。我不知道它会做什么不同的事情，但它值得一试。

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setuptools测试隐藏导入错误。 如何获得更好的信息？

setuptools测试隐藏导入错误。如何获得更好的信息？