Git command to show which specific files are ignored by .gitignore
I am getting my feet wet on git and have the following issue:
My project source tree:
/
|
+--src/
+----refs/
+----...
|
+--vendor/
+----...
I have code (currently MEF) in my vendor branch that I will compile there and then move the references into /src/refs which is where the project picks them up from.
My issue is that I have my .gitignore set to ignore *.dll and *.pdb . I can do a git add -f bar.dll to force the addition of the ignored file which is ok, the problem is I can not figure out to list what files exist that are ignored.
I want to list the ignored files to make sure that I don't forget to add them.
I have read the man page on git ls-files and can not make it work. It seems to me that git ls-files --exclude-standard -i should do what I want. What am I missing?
UPDATE:
git ls-files -i will not work, you get the error:
ls-files: --ignored needs some exclude pattern
git ls-files --others -i --exclude-from=.git/info/exclude as VonC suggested below is indeed the answer. The --exclude-standard option also works instead of --exclude-from .
Summary of what works:
git ls-files --others -i --exclude-from=.git/info/exclude
git ls-files --others -i --exclude-standard
Notes:
git status --ignored (as detailed in "Is there a way to tell git-status to ignore the effects of
.gitignore files?") git clean -ndX works on older gits, displaying a preview of what ignored files could be removed (without removing anything) Also interesting (mentioned in qwertymk's answer), you can also use the git check-ignore -v command, at least on Unix ( doesn't work in a CMD Windows session)
git check-ignore *
git check-ignore -v *
The second one displays the actual rule of the .gitignore which makes a file to be ignored in your git repo.
On Unix, using "What expands to all files in current directory recursively?" and a bash4+:
git check-ignore **/*
(or a find -exec command)
Original answer 42009)
git ls-files -i
should work, except its source code indicates:
if (show_ignored && !exc_given) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: --ignored needs some exclude patternn",
argv[0]);
exc_given ?
It turns out it need one more parameter after the -i to actually list anything:
Try:
git ls-files -i --exclude-from=[Path_To_Your_Global].gitignore
(but that would only list your cached (non-ignored) object, with a filter, so that is not quite what you want)
Example:
$ cat .git/ignore
# ignore objects and archives, anywhere in the tree.
*.[oa]
$ cat Documentation/.gitignore
# ignore generated html files,
*.html
# except foo.html which is maintained by hand
!foo.html
$ git ls-files --ignored
--exclude='Documentation/*.[0-9]'
--exclude-from=.git/ignore
--exclude-per-directory=.gitignore
Actually, in my 'gitignore' file (called 'exclude'), I find a command line that could help you:
F:proggittest.gitinfo>type exclude
# git ls-files --others --exclude-from=.git/info/exclude
# Lines that start with '#' are comments.
# For a project mostly in C, the following would be a good set of
# exclude patterns (uncomment them if you want to use them):
# *.[oa]
# *~
So....
git ls-files --others --ignored --exclude-from=.git/info/exclude
git ls-files -o -i --exclude-from=.git/info/exclude
git ls-files --others --ignored --exclude-standard
git ls-files -o -i --exclude-standard
should do the trick.
As mentioned in the ls-files man page, --others is the important part, in order to show you non-cached, non-committed, normally-ignored files.
--exclude_standard is not just a shortcut, but a way to include all standard "ignored patterns" settings.
exclude-standard
Add the standard git exclusions: .git/info/exclude , .gitignore in each directory, and the user's global exclusion file .
Another option that's pretty clean (No pun intended.):
git clean -ndX
Explanation:
$ git help clean
git-clean - Remove untracked files from the working tree
-n, --dry-run - Don't actually remove anything, just show what would be done.
-d - Remove untracked directories in addition to untracked files.
-X - Remove only files ignored by git.
Note: This solution will not show ignored files that have already been "cleaned."
EDIT:
It is possible for this method to not catch all files which are ignored by git status . See here for examples.
There is a much simpler way to do it (git 1.7.6+):
git status --ignored
See Is there a way to tell git-status to ignore the effects of .gitignore files?
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