How to loop over a Class attributes in Java?

2018-06-16 20:05:58

How can I loop over a class attributes in java dynamically.

For eg :

public class MyClass
{
private type1 att1;
private type2 att2;
...
public void function()
{
    for(var in MyClass.Attributes)
    {
       System.out.println(var.class);
    }
}

}

is this possible in Java?

There is no linguistic support to do what you're asking for.

You can reflectively access the members of a type at run-time using reflection (eg with Class.getDeclaredFields() to get an array of Field ), but depending on what you're trying to do, this may not be the best solution.

Example

Here's a simple example to show only some of what reflection is capable of doing.

import java.lang.reflect.*;

public class DumpFields {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        inspect(String.class);
    }
    static <T> void inspect(Class<T> klazz) {
        Field[] fields = klazz.getDeclaredFields();
        System.out.printf("%d fields:%n", fields.length);
        for (Field field : fields) {
            System.out.printf("%s %s %s%n",
                Modifier.toString(field.getModifiers()),
                field.getType().getSimpleName(),
                field.getName()
            );
        }
    }
}

The above snippet uses reflection to inspect all the declared fields of class String ; it produces the following output:

7 fields:
private final char[] value
private final int offset
private final int count
private int hash
private static final long serialVersionUID
private static final ObjectStreamField[] serialPersistentFields
public static final Comparator CASE_INSENSITIVE_ORDER

Effective Java 2nd Edition, Item 53: Prefer interfaces to reflection

These are excerpts from the book:

Given a Class object, you can obtain Constructor , Method , and Field instances representing the constructors, methods and fields of the class. [They] let you manipulate their underlying counterparts reflectively. This power, however, comes at a price:

You lose all the benefits of compile-time checking.

The code required to perform reflective access is clumsy and verbose.

Performance suffers.

As a rule, objects should not be accessed reflectively in normal applications at runtime.

There are a few sophisticated applications that require reflection. Examples include [...omitted on purpose...] If you have any doubts as to whether your application falls into one of these categories, it probably doesn't.

Accessing the fields directly is not really good style in java. I would suggest creating getter and setter methods for the fields of your bean and then using then Introspector and BeanInfo classes from the java.beans package.

MyBean bean = new MyBean();
BeanInfo beanInfo = Introspector.getBeanInfo(MyBean.class);
for (PropertyDescriptor propertyDesc : beanInfo.getPropertyDescriptors()) {
    String propertyName = propertyDesc.getName();
    Object value = propertyDesc.getReadMethod().invoke(bean);
}

While I agree with Jörn's answer if your class conforms to the JavaBeabs spec, here is a good alternative if it doesn't and you use Spring.

Spring has a class named ReflectionUtils that offers some very powerful functionality, including doWithFields(class, callback), a visitor-style method that lets you iterate over a classes fields using a callback object like this:

public void analyze(Object obj){
    ReflectionUtils.doWithFields(obj.getClass(), field -> {

        System.out.println("Field name: " + field.getName());
        field.setAccessible(true);
        System.out.println("Field value: "+ field.get(obj));

    });
}

But here's a warning: the class is labeled as "for internal use only", which is a pity if you ask me

链接地址: http://www.djcxy.com/p/47632.html

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How to loop over a Class attributes in Java?

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Example

Effective Java 2nd Edition, Item 53: Prefer interfaces to reflection