Eclipse中的JUnit测试通过，但在Maven Surefire中失败
我已经使用JUnit 4和spring-test库编写了一些JUnit测试。 当我在Eclipse中运行测试时，运行良好并通过。 但是，当我使用Maven运行它们（在构建过程中）时，它们会失败，从而导致与弹簧相关的错误。 我不确定是什么导致了这个问题，JUnit，Surefire还是Spring。 这里是我的测试代码，弹簧配置和我从Maven得到的异常：
PersonServiceTest.java
package com.xyz.person.test;
import static com.xyz.person.util.FjUtil.toFjList;
import static junit.framework.Assert.assertEquals;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
import java.util.List;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionConfiguration;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
import com.xyz.person.bo.Person;
import com.xyz.person.bs.PersonService;
import fj.Effect;
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath*:personservice-test.xml" })
@TransactionConfiguration(transactionManager = "transactionManager", defaultRollback = false)
public class PersonServiceTest {
@Autowired
private PersonService service;
@Test
@Transactional
public void testCreatePerson() {
Person person = new Person();
person.setName("abhinav");
service.createPerson(person);
assertNotNull(person.getId());
}
@Test
@Transactional
public void testFindPersons() {
Person person = new Person();
person.setName("abhinav");
service.createPerson(person);
List<Person> persons = service.findPersons("abhinav");
toFjList(persons).foreach(new Effect<Person>() {
public void e(final Person p) {
assertEquals("abhinav", p.getName());
}});
}
}
personservice-的test.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd">
<import resource="classpath:/personservice.xml" />
<bean id="datasource"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource"
lazy-init="true">
<property name="driverClassName" value="org.apache.derby.jdbc.EmbeddedDriver" />
<property name="url" value="jdbc:derby:InMemoryDatabase;create=true" />
</bean>
<bean id="entityManagerFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="datasource" />
<property name="persistenceUnitName" value="PersonService" />
<property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
<bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter">
<property name="databasePlatform" value="org.hibernate.dialect.DerbyDialect" />
<property name="showSql" value="true" />
<property name="generateDdl" value="true" />
</bean>
</property>
<property name="jpaPropertyMap">
<map>
<entry key="hibernate.validator.autoregister_listeners" value="false" />
<entry key="javax.persistence.transactionType" value="RESOURCE_LOCAL" />
</map>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
<property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory" />
<property name="dataSource" ref="datasource" />
</bean>
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"
proxy-target-class="false" />
<bean id="beanMapper" class="org.dozer.DozerBeanMapper">
<property name="mappingFiles">
<list>
<value>personservice-mappings.xml</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
Maven中的例外
-------------------------------------------------------
T E S T S
-------------------------------------------------------
Running com.xyz.person.test.PersonServiceTest
23:18:51,250 WARN JDBCExceptionReporter:77 - SQL Warning: 10000, SQLState: 01J01
23:18:51,281 WARN JDBCExceptionReporter:78 - Database 'InMemoryDatabase' not created, connection made to existing database instead.
23:18:52,937 WARN JDBCExceptionReporter:77 - SQL Warning: 10000, SQLState: 01J01
23:18:52,937 WARN JDBCExceptionReporter:78 - Database 'InMemoryDatabase' not created, connection made to existing database instead.
23:18:52,953 WARN TestContextManager:429 - Caught exception while allowing TestExecutionListener [org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionalTestExecutionListener@359a359a] to process 'after' execution for test: method [public void com.xyz.person.test.PersonServiceTest.testCreatePerson()], instance [com.xyz.person.test.PersonServiceTest@1bc81bc8], exception [org.springframework.transaction.IllegalTransactionStateException: Pre-bound JDBC Connection found! JpaTransactionManager does not support running within DataSourceTransactionManager if told to manage the DataSource itself. It is recommended to use a single JpaTransactionManager for all transactions on a single DataSource, no matter whether JPA or JDBC access.]
java.lang.IllegalStateException: No value for key [org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean@3f563f56] bound to thread [main]
at org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionSynchronizationManager.unbindResource(TransactionSynchronizationManager.java:199)
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager.doCleanupAfterCompletion(JpaTransactionManager.java:489)
at org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.cleanupAfterCompletion(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:1011)
at org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.processCommit(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:804)
at org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.commit(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:723)
at org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionalTestExecutionListener$TransactionContext.endTransaction(TransactionalTestExecutionListener.java:515)
at org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionalTestExecutionListener.endTransaction(TransactionalTestExecutionListener.java:290)
at org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionalTestExecutionListener.afterTestMethod(TransactionalTestExecutionListener.java:183)
at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.afterTestMethod(TestContextManager.java:426)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.java:90)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.SpringRepeat.evaluate(SpringRepeat.java:72)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:240)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:50)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:193)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:52)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:191)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:42)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:184)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:70)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:236)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:180)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4TestSet.execute(JUnit4TestSet.java:59)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.suite.AbstractDirectoryTestSuite.executeTestSet(AbstractDirectoryTestSuite.java:115)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.suite.AbstractDirectoryTestSuite.execute(AbstractDirectoryTestSuite.java:102)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.Surefire.run(Surefire.java:180)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:37)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:599)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.SurefireBooter.runSuitesInProcess(SurefireBooter.java:350)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.SurefireBooter.main(SurefireBooter.java:1021)
23:18:53,078 WARN TestContextManager:377 - Caught exception while allowing TestExecutionListener [org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionalTestExecutionListener@359a359a] to process 'before' execution of test method [public void com.xyz.person.test.PersonServiceTest.testFindPersons()] for test instance [com.xyz.person.test.PersonServiceTest@79f279f2]
org.springframework.transaction.IllegalTransactionStateException: Pre-bound JDBC Connection found! JpaTransactionManager does not support running within DataSourceTransactionManager if told to manage the DataSource itself. It is recommended to use a single JpaTransactionManager for all transactions on a single DataSource, no matter whether JPA or JDBC access.
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager.doBegin(JpaTransactionManager.java:304)
at org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.getTransaction(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:371)
at org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionalTestExecutionListener$TransactionContext.startTransaction(TransactionalTestExecutionListener.java:507)
at org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionalTestExecutionListener.startNewTransaction(TransactionalTestExecutionListener.java:269)
at org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionalTestExecutionListener.beforeTestMethod(TransactionalTestExecutionListener.java:162)
at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.beforeTestMethod(TestContextManager.java:374)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.java:73)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.java:82)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.SpringRepeat.evaluate(SpringRepeat.java:72)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:240)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:50)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:193)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:52)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:191)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:42)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:184)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:70)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:236)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:180)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4TestSet.execute(JUnit4TestSet.java:59)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.suite.AbstractDirectoryTestSuite.executeTestSet(AbstractDirectoryTestSuite.java:115)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.suite.AbstractDirectoryTestSuite.execute(AbstractDirectoryTestSuite.java:102)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.Surefire.run(Surefire.java:180)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:37)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:599)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.SurefireBooter.runSuitesInProcess(SurefireBooter.java:350)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.SurefireBooter.main(SurefireBooter.java:1021)
Tests run: 3, Failures: 0, Errors: 3, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 15.625 sec <<< FAILURE!
Results :
Tests in error:
testCreatePerson(com.xyz.person.test.PersonServiceTest)
testCreatePerson(com.xyz.person.test.PersonServiceTest)
testFindPersons(com.xyz.person.test.PersonServiceTest)
Tests run: 3, Failures: 0, Errors: 3, Skipped: 0
我有同样的问题（JUnit测试在Maven Surefire中失败，但在Eclipse中传递）并设法通过将forkMode设置为始终在pom.xml中的maven surefire配置中来解决它：
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.12</version>
<configuration>
<forkMode>always</forkMode>
</configuration>
</plugin>
Surefire参数：http://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-surefire-plugin/test-mojo.html
编辑（2014年1月）：
正如PeterPerháč指出的，自从Surefire 2.14以来，forkMode参数已被弃用。 从Surefire 2.14开始，改为使用它：
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.16</version>
<configuration>
<reuseForks>false</reuseForks>
<forkCount>1</forkCount>
</configuration>
</plugin>
有关更多信息，请参阅分叉选项和并行测试执行
我突然遇到了这个错误，对我来说解决方案是禁用并行运行测试。
你的milage可能会有所不同，因为我可以通过配置surefire来以'classes'运行并行测试来减少失败测试的次数。
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.7.2</version>
<configuration>
<parallel>classes</parallel>
<threadCount>10</threadCount>
</configuration>
</plugin>
正如我首先写的，这对我的测试套件来说还不够，所以我通过删除<configuration>部分完全禁用了并行。
我有一个类似的问题，测试代码中的注释@Autowired在使用Maven命令行时不起作用，而在Eclipse中工作正常。 我只是将我的JUnit版本从4.4更新到4.9，问题就解决了。
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.9</version>
</dependency>
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