使用Angular4(Angular Universal)进行服务器端渲染
我正在开发一个Angular4 webpack项目,我想添加AngularUniversal来使服务器端的渲染成为可能。但是大多数教程都使用了角度cli.I想将Universal和webpack集成在一起。我试着在这个教程中没有运气。帮帮我。
这个Angular Universal仅适用于Angular 2.如果你想从头开始,你可以使用这个Angular 4 Universal Seed,它具有以下所有功能:
或者,如果您已经运行了Angular 4项目,则可以通过在代码中执行以下设置来集成Universal:
安装这些软件包:
npm install @angular/{common,compiler,compiler-cli,core,forms,http,platform-browser,platform-browser-dynamic,platform-server,router,animations}@latest typescript@latest --save
npm install express @types/express --save-dev
将其添加到您的app.module.ts文件中
import { BrowserModule } from '@angular/platform-browser';
BrowserModule.withServerTransition({
appId: 'my-app-id' // withServerTransition is available only in Angular 4
}),
创建以下文件
SRC / UNI / app.server.ts
import { NgModule } from '@angular/core';
import { APP_BASE_HREF } from '@angular/common';
import { ServerModule } from '@angular/platform-server';
import { AppComponent } from '../app/app';
import { AppModule } from '../app/app.module';
import 'reflect-metadata';
import 'zone.js';
@NgModule({
imports: [
ServerModule,
AppModule
],
bootstrap: [
AppComponent
],
providers: [
{provide: APP_BASE_HREF, useValue: '/'}
]
})
export class AppServerModule {
}
SRC / UNI /服务器uni.ts
import 'zone.js/dist/zone-node';
import 'zone.js';
import 'reflect-metadata';
import { enableProdMode } from '@angular/core';
import { AppServerModuleNgFactory } from '../../aot/src/uni/app.server.ngfactory';
import * as express from 'express';
import { ngUniversalEngine } from './universal-engine';
enableProdMode();
const server = express();
// set our angular engine as the handler for html files, so it will be used to render them.
server.engine('html', ngUniversalEngine({
bootstrap: [AppServerModuleNgFactory]
}));
// set default view directory
server.set('views', 'src');
// handle requests for routes in the app. ngExpressEngine does the rendering.
server.get(['/', '/dashboard', '/heroes', '/detail/:id'], (req:any, res:any) => {
res.render('index.html', {req});
});
// handle requests for static files
server.get(['/*.js', '/*.css'], (req:any, res:any, next:any) => {
let fileName: string = req.originalUrl;
console.log(fileName);
let root = fileName.startsWith('/node_modules/') ? '.' : 'src';
res.sendFile(fileName, { root: root }, function (err:any) {
if (err) {
next(err);
}
});
});
// start the server
server.listen(3200, () => {
console.log('listening on port 3200...');
});
SRC / UNI /万向engine.ts
import * as fs from 'fs';
import { renderModuleFactory } from '@angular/platform-server';
const templateCache = {}; // cache for page templates
const outputCache = {}; // cache for rendered pages
export function ngUniversalEngine(setupOptions: any) {
return function (filePath: string, options: { req: Request }, callback: (err: Error, html: string) => void) {
let url: string = options.req.url;
let html: string = outputCache[url];
if (html) {
// return already-built page for this url
console.log('from cache: ' + url);
callback(null, html);
return;
}
console.log('building: ' + url);
if (!templateCache[filePath]) {
let file = fs.readFileSync(filePath);
templateCache[filePath] = file.toString();
}
// render the page via angular platform-server
let appModuleFactory = setupOptions.bootstrap[0];
renderModuleFactory(appModuleFactory, {
document: templateCache[filePath],
url: url
}).then(str => {
outputCache[url] = str;
callback(null, str);
});
};
}
在我假设位于根目录下的tsconfig.ts文件中添加下面的配置
{
"compilerOptions": {
"baseUrl": "",
"declaration": false,
"emitDecoratorMetadata": true,
"experimentalDecorators": true,
"lib": ["es2016", "dom"],
"moduleResolution": "node",
"outDir": "./dist/out-tsc",
"sourceMap": true,
"target": "es5",
"module": "commonjs",
"types": ["node"],
"typeRoots": [
"node_modules/@types"
]
},
"files": [
"src/uni/app.server.ts",
"src/uni/server-uni.ts"
],
"angularCompilerOptions": {
"genDir": "aot",
"entryModule": "./src/app/app.module#AppModule",
"skipMetadataEmit": true
},
"exclude": [
"test.ts",
"**/*.spec.ts"
]
}
加载根目录中的webpack.config.uni.js
const ngtools = require('@ngtools/webpack');
const webpack = require('webpack');
const path = require('path');
const ExtractTextWebpackPlugin = require("extract-text-webpack-plugin");
module.exports = {
devtool: 'source-map',
entry: {
main: ['./src/uni/app.server.ts', './src/uni/server-uni.ts']
},
resolve: {
extensions: ['.ts', '.js']
},
target: 'node',
output: {
path: path.join(__dirname, "dist"),
filename: 'server.js'
},
plugins: [
new ngtools.AotPlugin({
tsConfigPath: './tsconfig.json'
})
],
module: {
rules: [
{
test: /.(scss|html|png|jpe?g|gif|svg|woff|woff2|ttf|eot|ico)$/,
use: 'raw-loader'
},
{ test: /.ts$/, loader: require.resolve('@ngtools/webpack') },
{
test: /.(png|jpg|woff|woff2|eot|ttf|svg)(?v=[0-9].[0-9].[0-9])?$/,
loader: 'url?limit=512&&name=[path][name].[ext]?[hash]'
},
{ test: /.scss$/, use: [{
loader: "style-loader" // creates style nodes from JS strings
}, {
loader: "css-loader" // translates CSS into CommonJS
}, {
loader: "sass-loader" // compiles Sass to CSS
}] }
]
}
}
在你的package.json文件中添加以下脚本:
"ngc-build": "ngc -p ./tsconfig.json", // To generate ngFactory file
"build:uni": "webpack --config webpack.config.uni.js",
"serve:uni": "node dist/server.js",
有些事情我们应该记住:
window
, document
, navigator
器和其他浏览器类型 - 不存在于服务器上 - 因此使用它们或使用它们的任何库(例如jQuery)将不起作用。 如果您确实需要某些功能,您在此链接中提供了一些选项。 角度通用仅用于角度2.x。 Angular 4.x您需要使用平台服务器。示例如下:
对于角度2.XX:
AngularClass的种子项目使用express / universal
https://github.com/angular/universal-starter
对于角度4.XX使用角度平台服务器
https://github.com/ng-seed/universal
还有其他几个例子:
给出的教程中提到的示例使用的是Angular Resources部分中提到的示例。 他们最近更新了他们的文档,并且还没有提供详细的文档来实现@ angular / universal。 这曾经是你正在寻找的页面,但它在这里提到了一些问题。 可能这就是为什么他们删除它并决定重写它。
链接地址: http://www.djcxy.com/p/5301.html上一篇: Server side rendering using Angular4(Angular Universal)