What is the purpose of the
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It a signal to Python that the folder is a package, not just a folder. It also contains initialization code that is run when the package is import ed into a script.
See the docs on the subject for more. The most relevant extract:
The __init__.py files are required to make Python treat the directories as containing packages; this is done to prevent directories with a common name, such as string , from unintentionally hiding valid modules that occur later on the module search path. In the simplest case, __init__.py can just be an empty file, but it can also execute initialization code for the package or set the __all__ variable, described later.
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