how to retrieve filename or extension within bash

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Extract filename and extension in Bash 35 answers

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打印最后一个由非字母字符分隔的提交。

awk -F '[^[:alpha:]]' '{ print $0,$NF }'
/home/myuser/mydata/myfile/data.log log
/home/myuser/mydata/myfile/myfile.gz gz
/home/myuser/mydata/myfile/mod.conf conf
/home/myuser/mydata/myfile/security security
/home/myuser/mydata/myfile/last last

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这应该适合你：

x='/home/myuser/mydata/myfile/security'
( IFS=[/.] && arr=( $x ) && echo ${arr[@]:(-1):1} )
security

x='/home/myuser/mydata/myfile/data.log'
( IFS=[/.] && arr=( $x ) && echo ${arr[@]:(-1):1} )
log

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To extract the last element in a filename path:

filename=$(path##*/}

To extract characters after a dot in a filename:

extension=${filename##*.}

But (my comment) rather than looking at the extension, it might be better to use file . See man file .

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