timeline with Twitter API version 1.1
Because of the Twitter API 1.0 retirement as of June 11th 2013, the script below does not work anymore.
// Create curl resource
$ch = curl_init();
// Set url
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, "http://twitter.com/statuses/user_timeline/myscreenname.json?count=10");
// Return the transfer as a string
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
// $output contains the output string
$output = curl_exec($ch);
// Close curl resource to free up system resources
curl_close($ch);
if ($output)
{
$tweets = json_decode($output,true);
foreach ($tweets as $tweet)
{
print_r($tweet);
}
}
How can I get the user_timeline (recent statuses) with the least code possible?
I found this: https://dev.twitter.com/docs/api/1.1/get/statuses/user_timeline but I get the following error:
"{"errors":[{"message":"Could not authenticate you","code":32}]}"
There are a lot of classes out there but after trying several none of them seem to work because of these updates at Twitter, plus some of them are pretty advanced classes with a lot of functionality that I don't really need.
What is the simplest/shortest way to get the recent user statuses with PHP?
So you want to use the Twitter v1.1 API?
Note: the files for these are on GitHub.
Version 1.0 will soon be deprecated and unauthorised requests won't be allowed. So, here's a post to help you do just that, along with a PHP class to make your life easier.
1. Create a developer account: Set yourself up a developer account on Twitter
You need to visit the official Twitter developer site and register for a developer account. This is a free and necessary step to make requests for the v1.1 API.
2. Create an application: Create an application on the Twitter developer site
What? You thought you could make unauthenticated requests? Not with Twitter's v1.1 API. You need to visit http://dev.twitter.com/apps and click the "Create Application" button.
On this page, fill in whatever details you want. For me, it didn't matter, because I just wanted to make a load of block requests to get rid of spam followers. The point is you are going to get yourself a set of unique keys to use for your application.
So, the point of creating an application is to give yourself (and Twitter) a set of keys. These are:
There's a little bit of information here on what these tokens for.
3. Create access tokens : You'll need these to make successful requests
OAuth requests a few tokens. So you need to have them generated for you.
Click "create my access token" at the bottom. Then once you scroll to the bottom again, you'll have some newly generated keys. You need to grab the four previously labelled keys from this page for your API calls, so make a note of them somewhere.
4. Change access level : You don't want read-only, do you?
If you want to make any decent use of this API, you'll need to change your settings to Read & Write if you're doing anything other than standard data retrieval using GET requests.
Choose the "Settings" tab near the top of the page.
Give your application read / write access, and hit "Update" at the bottom.
You can read more about the applications permission model that Twitter uses here.
5. Write code to access the API : I've done most of it for you
I combined the code above, with some modifications and changes, into a PHP class so it's really simple to make the requests you require.
This uses OAuth and the Twitter v1.1 API , and the class I've created which you can find below.
require_once('TwitterAPIExchange.php');
/** Set access tokens here - see: https://dev.twitter.com/apps/ **/
$settings = array(
'oauth_access_token' => "YOUR_OAUTH_ACCESS_TOKEN",
'oauth_access_token_secret' => "YOUR_OAUTH_ACCESS_TOKEN_SECRET",
'consumer_key' => "YOUR_CONSUMER_KEY",
'consumer_secret' => "YOUR_CONSUMER_SECRET"
);
Make sure you put the keys you got from your application above in their respective spaces.
Next you need to choose a URL you want to make a request to. Twitter has their API documentation to help you choose which URL and also the request type (POST or GET).
/** URL for REST request, see: https://dev.twitter.com/docs/api/1.1/ **/
$url = 'https://api.twitter.com/1.1/blocks/create.json';
$requestMethod = 'POST';
In the documentation, each URL states what you can pass to it. If we're using the "blocks" URL like the one above, I can pass the following POST parameters:
/** POST fields required by the URL above. See relevant docs as above **/
$postfields = array(
'screen_name' => 'usernameToBlock',
'skip_status' => '1'
);
Now that you've set up what you want to do with the API, it's time to make the actual request.
/** Perform the request and echo the response **/
$twitter = new TwitterAPIExchange($settings);
echo $twitter->buildOauth($url, $requestMethod)
->setPostfields($postfields)
->performRequest();
And for a POST request, that's it!
For a GET request, it's a little different. Here's an example:
/** Note: Set the GET field BEFORE calling buildOauth(); **/
$url = 'https://api.twitter.com/1.1/followers/ids.json';
$getfield = '?username=J7mbo';
$requestMethod = 'GET';
$twitter = new TwitterAPIExchange($settings);
echo $twitter->setGetfield($getfield)
->buildOauth($url, $requestMethod)
->performRequest();
Final code example : For a simple GET request for a list of my followers.
$url = 'https://api.twitter.com/1.1/followers/list.json';
$getfield = '?username=J7mbo&skip_status=1';
$requestMethod = 'GET';
$twitter = new TwitterAPIExchange($settings);
echo $twitter->setGetfield($getfield)
->buildOauth($url, $requestMethod)
->performRequest();
I've put these files on GitHub with credit to @lackovic10 and @rivers! I hope someone finds it useful; I know I did (I used it for bulk blocking in a loop).
Also, for those on Windows who are having problems with SSL certificates, look at this post. This library uses cURL under the hood so you need to make sure you have your cURL certs set up probably. Google is also your friend.
Go to dev.twitter.com and create an application. This will provide you with the credentials you need. Here is an implementation I've recently written with PHP and cURL.
<?php
function buildBaseString($baseURI, $method, $params) {
$r = array();
ksort($params);
foreach($params as $key=>$value){
$r[] = "$key=" . rawurlencode($value);
}
return $method."&" . rawurlencode($baseURI) . '&' . rawurlencode(implode('&', $r));
}
function buildAuthorizationHeader($oauth) {
$r = 'Authorization: OAuth ';
$values = array();
foreach($oauth as $key=>$value)
$values[] = "$key="" . rawurlencode($value) . """;
$r .= implode(', ', $values);
return $r;
}
$url = "https://api.twitter.com/1.1/statuses/user_timeline.json";
$oauth_access_token = "YOURVALUE";
$oauth_access_token_secret = "YOURVALUE";
$consumer_key = "YOURVALUE";
$consumer_secret = "YOURVALUE";
$oauth = array( 'oauth_consumer_key' => $consumer_key,
'oauth_nonce' => time(),
'oauth_signature_method' => 'HMAC-SHA1',
'oauth_token' => $oauth_access_token,
'oauth_timestamp' => time(),
'oauth_version' => '1.0');
$base_info = buildBaseString($url, 'GET', $oauth);
$composite_key = rawurlencode($consumer_secret) . '&' . rawurlencode($oauth_access_token_secret);
$oauth_signature = base64_encode(hash_hmac('sha1', $base_info, $composite_key, true));
$oauth['oauth_signature'] = $oauth_signature;
// Make requests
$header = array(buildAuthorizationHeader($oauth), 'Expect:');
$options = array( CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER => $header,
//CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS => $postfields,
CURLOPT_HEADER => false,
CURLOPT_URL => $url,
CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER => true,
CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER => false);
$feed = curl_init();
curl_setopt_array($feed, $options);
$json = curl_exec($feed);
curl_close($feed);
$twitter_data = json_decode($json);
//print it out
print_r ($twitter_data);
?>
This can be run from the command line:
$ php <name of PHP script>.php
The code pasted by Rivers is great. Thanks a lot! I'm new here and can't comment, I'd just want to answer to the question from javiervd (How would you set the screen_name and count with this approach?), as I've lost a lot of time to figure it out.
You need to add the parameters both to the URL and to the signature creating process. Creating a signature is the article that helped me. Here is my code:
$oauth = array(
'screen_name' => 'DwightHoward',
'count' => 2,
'oauth_consumer_key' => $consumer_key,
'oauth_nonce' => time(),
'oauth_signature_method' => 'HMAC-SHA1',
'oauth_token' => $oauth_access_token,
'oauth_timestamp' => time(),
'oauth_version' => '1.0'
);
$options = array(
CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER => $header,
//CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS => $postfields,
CURLOPT_HEADER => false,
CURLOPT_URL => $url . '?screen_name=DwightHoward&count=2',
CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER => true, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER => false
);
上一篇: 通过地理位置twitter搜索API搜索特定用户的时间轴推文
下一篇: 时间轴与Twitter API版本1.1