xcodebuild command line ignoring GCC

I'm trying to launch xcodebuild with different preprocessing macros.

I've tried :

xcodebuild -scheme myscheme 
           -configuration "Archive" 
           -sdk "iphoneos5.1" 
           archive 
           CONFIGURATION_BUILD_DIR=../build 
           GCC_PREPROCESSOR_DEFINITIONS=ADHOC

but i got a compilation error due to the fact the preprocessor was not used:

I couldn't see it with the -D flag of the compilation command

But it is displayed at the beginning of the script

Build settings from command line:
        CONFIGURATION_BUILD_DIR = ../build
        GCC_PREPROCESSOR_DEFINITIONS = ADHOC
        SDKROOT = iphoneos5.1

The code at the origin of the compilation error is:

#ifdef ADHOC
NSUInteger toto = 0;
#endif

but i get a use of undeclared identifier error for toto

ps : if i do define Preprocessor Macros in Xcode, then these values are used, mine are overridden, and archiving is done. But I do want to make several builds based on different preprocessor definitions (which sounds a better idea than creating new build configurations or schemes to me)

---

I have to use double quote and remove the $value. I had,

GCC_PREPROCESSOR_DEFINITIONS='$value ${e}', 

which did not work, but

GCC_PREPROCESSOR_DEFINITIONS="${e}" 

works.

Where, e is variable inside a loop,

environments=("TEST1" "TEST2" "TEST3" "TEST4" "TEST5" "PROD")
for e in "${environments[@]}"
   do
....... commands
   done

If I use

GCC_PREPROCESSOR_DEFINITIONS='$value ${e}'

Then I have to use like,

GCC_PREPROCESSOR_DEFINITIONS='$value ADHOC=1'

This worked in one of build script.

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