SQL Server CTE选择直到根的单个树分支结构
是否有可能将一个参数传递给一个CTE来选择一个节点,然后选择它的父母直到parentId
为空的根?
在下面的代码中,如果我传入一个选择Rain Coats的参数,然后将树重新递归到其parentId
为null的位置,并选择该分支中的所有节点(包括子节点)。 请有人可以帮我解决这个问题。 我的例子只是递归并显示深度
SQL示例:
DECLARE @Department TABLE
(
Id INT NOT NULL,
Name varchar(50) NOT NULL,
ParentId int NULL
)
INSERT INTO @Department SELECT 1, 'Toys', null
INSERT INTO @Department SELECT 2, 'Computers', null
INSERT INTO @Department SELECT 3, 'Consoles', 2
INSERT INTO @Department SELECT 4, 'PlayStation 3', 3
INSERT INTO @Department SELECT 5, 'Xbox 360', 2
INSERT INTO @Department SELECT 6, 'Games', 1
INSERT INTO @Department SELECT 7, 'Puzzles', 6
INSERT INTO @Department SELECT 8, 'Mens Wear', null
INSERT INTO @Department SELECT 9, 'Mens Clothing', 8
INSERT INTO @Department SELECT 10, 'Jackets', 9
INSERT INTO @Department SELECT 11, 'Rain Coats', 10
;WITH c
AS
(
SELECT Id, Name,1 AS Depth
FROM @Department
WHERE ParentId is null
UNION ALL
SELECT t.Id, t.Name, c.Depth + 1 AS 'Level'
FROM @Department T
JOIN c ON t.ParentId = c.Id
)
SELECT * FROM c WHERE c.Id = 3
您当前的CTE仅显示树中的所有项目,其Depth
和所有其他属性。 因此,它工作正常。
要做你正在寻找的东西,你必须几乎“反转”CTE - 先抓住你感兴趣的物品,作为CTE的“锚点”,然后“递增”到根部:
DECLARE @StartID INT = 11
;WITH c
AS
(
SELECT Id, ParentId, Name, 1 AS Depth
FROM @Department
WHERE Id = @startID
UNION ALL
SELECT t.Id, t.ParentId, t.Name, c.Depth + 1 AS 'Level'
FROM @Department T
INNER JOIN c ON t.Id = c.ParentId
)
SELECT *
FROM c
这将做你正在寻找和输出的内容:
Id ParentId Name Depth
11 10 Rain Coats 1
10 9 Jackets 2
9 8 Mens Clothing 3
8 NULL Mens Wear 4
更新
对于Depth的逆序,您可以使用这个:
;WITH c
AS
(
SELECT Id, ParentId, Name, 1 AS Depth
FROM @Department
WHERE Id = @startID
UNION ALL
SELECT t.Id, t.ParentId, t.Name, c.Depth + 1 AS 'Level'
FROM @Department T
INNER JOIN c ON t.Id = c.ParentId
)
SELECT Id,
ParentID,
Name,
MAX(Depth) OVER() - Depth + 1 AS InverseDepth
FROM c
从这里输出:
Id ParentId Name InverseDepth
11 10 Rain Coats 4
10 9 Jackets 3
9 8 Mens Clothing 2
8 NULL Mens Wear 1
目前,您的CTE具有根作为它的锚,并且在其递归部分中从父母到孩子。 如果你想要整棵树,你需要从感兴趣的孩子开始,然后继续前进。 这是做到这一点的一种方法。 我已经引入了一个新的列StartingId
,它在我们走上树时保持不变 - 这是我们将基于以下内容选择的:
;WITH c
AS
(
SELECT Id AS StartingId, Id, ParentId, Name, 0 AS Height
FROM @Department
UNION ALL
SELECT c.StartingId, p.Id, p.ParentId, p.Name, c.Height + 1 AS Height
FROM @Department p INNER JOIN c ON p.Id = c.ParentId
)
SELECT * FROM c WHERE c.StartingId = 11
给
StartingId Id ParentId Name Height
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------------------------------------------
11 11 10 Rain Coats 0
11 10 9 Jackets 1
11 9 8 Mens Clothing 2
11 8 NULL Mens Wear 3
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