以小时,天,月和年显示相对时间
我写了一个函数
toBeautyString(epoch) : String
给出一个epoch
,返回一个字符串,它将显示从现在开始的小时和分钟的相对时间
例如:
// epoch: 1346140800 -> Tue, 28 Aug 2012 05:00:00 GMT
// and now: 1346313600 -> Thu, 30 Aug 2012 08:00:00 GMT
toBeautyString(1346140800)
-> "2 days and 3 hours ago"
我现在想将这个功能扩展到月和年,所以它能够打印:
2 years, 1 month, 3 days and 1 hour ago
只有没有任何外部库的时代。 这个功能的目的是给用户一个更好的方式来可视化过去的时间。
我发现这一点:用C#计算相对时间,但粒度不够。
function toBeautyString(epochNow, epochNow){
var secDiff = Math.abs(epochNow - epochNow);
var milliInDay = 1000 * 60 * 60 * 24;
var milliInHour = 1000 * 60 * 60;
var nbDays = Math.round(secDiff/milliInDay);
var nbHour = Math.round(secDiff/milliInHour);
var relativeHour = (nbDays === 0) ? nbHour : nbHour-(nbDays*24);
relativeHour %= 24;
if(nbHour === 0){
nbDays += 1;
}else if(nbHour === (nbDays-1)*24){
nbDays -= 1;
}
var dayS = (nbDays > 1) ? "days" : "day";
var hourS = (relativeHour > 1) ? "hours" : "hour";
var fullString = "";
if(nbDays > 0){
fullString += nbDays + " " + dayS;
if(relativeHour > 0)
fullString += " ";
}
if(relativeHour > 0){
fullString += relativeHour + " " + hourS;
}
if(epochDate > epochNow){
return "Will be in " + fullString;
}else if ((epochDate === epochNow)
|| (relativeHour === 0 && nbDays === 0)){
return "Now";
}else{
return fullString + " ago";
}
}
认识到这是两个不同的问题是有帮助的:1)将时间分成不同单位的单个组块; 2)格式化块,并将它们与您选择的逗号,连词等结合在一起。这样,您可以将文本格式逻辑与时间计算逻辑分开。
#converts a time amount into a collection of time amounts of varying size.
#`increments` is a list that expresses the ratio of successive time units
#ex. If you want to split a time into days, hours, minutes, and seconds,
#increments should be [24,60,60]
#because there are 24 hours in a day, 60 minutes in an hour, etc.
#as an example, divideTime(100000, [24,60,60]) returns [1,3,46,40],
#which is equivalent to 1 day, 3 hours, 46 minutes, 40 seconds
def divideTime(amount, increments):
#base case: there's no increments, so no conversion is necessary
if len(increments) == 0:
return [amount]
#in all other cases, we slice a bit off of `amount`,
#give it to the smallest increment,
#convert the rest of `amount` into the next largest unit,
#and solve the rest with a recursive call.
else:
conversionRate = increments[-1]
smallestIncrement = amount % conversionRate
rest = divideTime(amount / conversionRate, increments[:-1])
return rest + [smallestIncrement]
def beautifulTime(amount):
names = ["year", "month", "day", "hour", "minute", "second"]
increments = [12, 30, 24, 60, 60]
ret = []
times = divideTime(amount, increments)
for i in range(len(names)):
time = times[i]
name = names[i]
#don't display the unit if the time is zero
#e.g. we prefer "1 year 1 second" to
#"1 year 0 months 0 days 0 hours 0 minutes 1 second"
if time == 0:
continue
#pluralize name if appropriate
if time != 1:
name = name + "s"
ret.append(str(time) + " " + name)
#there's only one unit worth mentioning, so just return it
if len(ret) == 1:
return ret[0]
#when there are two units, we don't need a comma
if len(ret) == 2:
return "{0} and {1}".format(ret[0], ret[1])
#for all other cases, we want a comma and an "and" before the last unit
ret[-1] = "and " + ret[-1]
return ", ".join(ret)
print beautifulTime(100000000)
#output: 3 years, 2 months, 17 days, 9 hours, 46 minutes, and 40 seconds
这个解决方案在现实生活年代方面有些不准确,因为它假设一年有12个月,每30天长。 这是一个必要的抽象,否则你不得不考虑不同的月份长度和闰日和夏时制等因素等等。用这种方法,你每年会损失大约3.75天,这并不是那么糟糕如果你只用它来可视化时间跨度的大小。
您可以使用.NET时间库中的类DateDiff来显示相对时间:
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
public void DateDiffSample( DateTime epoch )
{
DateDiff dateDiff = new DateDiff( DateTime.Now, epoch );
Console.WriteLine( "{0} ago", dateDiff.GetDescription( 4 ) );
// > 1 Year 4 Months 12 Days 12 Hours ago
} // DateDiffSample
正如在其他答案中详细讨论的那样,由于变量的月份长度,您的代码不容易被扩展。 所以一个人不能假设这个月是30天。
为了有一个人类可读的差异,你必须从人类可读的日期中减去。
我会这样做(JavaScript,以匹配问题):
function toBeautyString(then) {
var nowdate = new Date();
var thendate = new Date(then * 1000);
//finding the human-readable components of the date.
var y = nowdate.getFullYear() - thendate.getFullYear();
var m = nowdate.getMonth() - thendate.getMonth();
var d = nowdate.getDate() - thendate.getDate();
var h = nowdate.getHours() - thendate.getHours();
var mm = nowdate.getMinutes() - thendate.getMinutes();
var s = nowdate.getSeconds() - thendate.getSeconds();
//back to second grade math, now we must now 'borrow'.
if(s < 0) {
s += 60;
mm--;
}
if(mm < 0) {
mm += 60;
h--;
}
if(h < 0) {
h += 24;
d--;
}
if(d < 0) {
//here's where we take into account variable month lengths.
var a = thendate.getMonth();
var b;
if(a <= 6) {
if(a == 1) b = 28;
else if(a % 2 == 0) b = 31;
else b = 30;
}
else if(b % 2 == 0) b = 30;
else b = 31;
d += b;
m--;
}
if(m < 0) {
m += 12;
y--;
}
//return "y years, m months, d days, h hours, mm minutes and s seconds ago."
}
该代码通过从人类可读日期中减去(通过使用内置的javascript命令获取)来工作。 剩下的唯一工作就是确保任何借款都顺利进行。 这很容易,除非你从几个月借钱,因为月份长度不定。
假设你从4月12日减去2月25日。
在借款发生之前, m = 2
和d = -13
。 现在,当您从m
, m = 1
借款时,您需要确保d
增加28,因为您在2月份进行借款。 最终的结果是15天前的1个月。
如果你从9月12日减去7月25日,结果将是18个月前的1个月。
上面的代码唯一不提供的是闰年。 这很容易扩展:如果你在2月份借钱,你只需要考虑年份并根据需要进行调整。
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