建议编程难题的算法
给出以下矩阵
10001
10100
00000
00000
00111
00100
00100
只需点击一次,像素填充工具就会将每个黑色像素变为白色像素,直到没有可以从前一像素到达的黑色像素为止。 一个像素以多达八种方式与另一个像素连接:北,南,东,西和四个对角线。
益智链接是http://www.gild.com/challenges/details/295#
这是我解决它的方式。 任何人都可以告诉我这个问题属于哪个算法类别。
#include <stdio.h>
#include <vector>
#include <fstream>
#include <sstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <deque>
typedef std::vector<std::vector<bool> > table_t;
class Solver {
public:
Solver(int H, int W): _height(H),
_width(W),
T(H, std::vector<bool>(W)),
num_of_clicks(0){
}
~Solver() {
}
void ReadFile(std::ifstream &ifs){
int row = 0, col = 0;
std::string file_line;
while( ifs.good() ) {
std::getline(ifs,file_line);
for ( std::string::const_iterator it = file_line.begin(); it != file_line.end(); ++it) {
if ( *it - '0' == 1 ) {
T[row][col++] = true;
} else {
T[row][col++] = false;
}
}
col = 0;
row++;
}
ifs.close();
}
void solve() {
for ( int row = 0; row < _height; ++row) {
for ( int col = 0; col < _width; ++col) {
if ( T[row][col] == true )
continue;
neighbours.clear();
num_of_clicks++;
neighbours.push_back(std::make_pair(row,col));
while ( !neighbours.empty()) {
std::pair<int,int> elem = neighbours.front();
neighbours.pop_front();
int R = elem.first;
int C = elem.second;
west (R, C);
east (R, C);
north (R, C);
south (R, C);
north_west (R, C);
south_west (R, C);
south_east (R, C);
north_east (R, C);
}
} // colum loop ends here
} // row loop ends here
std::cout << num_of_clicks << std::endl;
}
private:
int _height;
int _width;
table_t T;
std::deque<std::pair<int,int> > neighbours;
int num_of_clicks;
void west(int row, int col) {
if ( col - 1 >= 0 && T[row][col - 1 ] == false ) {
T[row][col - 1 ] = true;
neighbours.push_back(std::make_pair(row, col - 1));
}
}
void east(int row, int col) {
if ( col + 1 < _width && T[row][col + 1 ] == false ) {
T[row][col + 1 ] = true;
neighbours.push_back(std::make_pair(row, col + 1));
}
}
void north(int row, int col) {
if ( row - 1 >= 0 && T[row - 1][col] == false ) {
T[row - 1][col] = true;
neighbours.push_back(std::make_pair(row - 1, col));
}
}
void south(int row, int col) {
if ( row + 1 < _height && T[row + 1][col] == false ) {
T[row + 1][col]= true;
neighbours.push_back(std::make_pair(row + 1, col ));
}
}
void north_west(int row, int col) {
if (row - 1 >= 0 && col - 1 >= 0 &&
T[row - 1][col - 1] == false ) {
T[row - 1][col - 1] = true;
neighbours.push_back(std::make_pair(row - 1, col - 1));
}
}
void south_west(int row, int col) {
if ( row + 1 < _height && col - 1 >= 0 &&
T[row + 1][ col - 1] == false) {
T[row + 1][ col - 1] = true;
neighbours.push_back(std::make_pair(row + 1, col - 1));
}
}
void south_east(int row, int col) {
if ( row + 1 < _height && col + 1 < _width &&
T[row + 1][col + 1] == false ){
T[row + 1][col + 1] = true;
neighbours.push_back(std::make_pair(row + 1, col + 1));
}
}
void north_east(int row, int col) {
if ( row - 1 >= 0 && col + 1 < _width &&
T[row - 1][col + 1] == false ) {
T[row - 1][col + 1] = true;
neighbours.push_back(std::make_pair(row - 1, col + 1 ));
}
}
};
int main ( int argc, char **argv) {
int H = 0;
int W = 0;
std::ifstream input(argv[1]);
if ( input.peek() == EOF ) {
return 1;
}
// Read the first line.
std::string file_line;
std::getline(input,file_line);
std::istringstream iss;
iss.clear();
iss.str(file_line);
// Get the height and width of the image.
iss >> H >> W;
Solver s(H,W);
s.ReadFile(input);
s.solve();
return 0;
}
这种填充操作是通过膨胀进行形态重建的典型应用(其中标记图像是黑色的,具有单个白色起始像素并且掩模图像是原始图像的逆向)。 比较L. Vincents论文的一个有效实现,这看起来很像你的实现,以及O.Eidheim的优秀介绍性讲话。
其被称为连接组件标签。 请注意它的通用版本,下面是Wikipedia条目
链接地址: http://www.djcxy.com/p/73493.html