将一个char指针数组传递给C中的函数?
我有以下代码:
int main(){
char **array;
char a[5];
int n = 5;
array = malloc(n *sizeof *array);
/*Some code to assign array values*/
test(a, array);
return 0;
}
int test(char s1, char **s2){
if(strcmp(s1, s2[0]) != 0)
return 1;
return 0;
}
我试图将char和char指针数组传递给一个函数,但上面的代码会导致以下错误和警告:
temp.c: In function ‘main’: temp.c:6:5: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘malloc’ [-Wimplicit-function-declaration] temp.c:6:13: warning: incompatible implicit declaration of built-in function ‘malloc’ [enabled by default] temp.c:10:5: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘test’ [-Wimplicit-function-declaration] temp.c: At top level: temp.c:15:5: error: conflicting types for ‘test’ temp.c:15:1: note: an argument type that has a default promotion can’t match an empty parameter name list declaration temp.c:10:5: note: previous implicit declaration of ‘test’ was here temp.c: In function ‘test’: temp.c:16:5: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘strcmp’ [-Wimplicit-function-declaration]
我试图了解问题所在。
首先,你应该包含必要的头文件。 对于strcmp
你需要<string.h>
,作为malloc
<malloc.h>
。 你还需要至少在main之前声明测试。 如果你这样做,你会注意到以下错误:
temp.c: In function ‘test’: temp.c:20:5: warning: passing argument 1 of ‘strcmp’ makes pointer from integer without a cast [enabled by default] /usr/include/string.h:143:12: note: expected ‘const char *’ but argument is of type ‘char’
这表明test()
应该有一个char *
作为第一个参数。 总之你的代码应该看起来像这样:
#include <string.h> /* for strcmp */
#include <malloc.h> /* for malloc */
int test(char*,char**); /* added declaration */
int main(){
char **array;
char a[5];
int n = 5;
array = malloc(sizeof(*array));
array[0] = malloc(n * sizeof(**array));
/*Some code to assign array values*/
test(a, array);
free(*array); /* free the not longer needed memory */
free(array);
return 0;
}
int test(char * s1, char **s2){ /* changed to char* */
if(strcmp(s1, s2[0]) != 0) /* have a look at the comment after the code */
return 1;
return 0;
}
编辑
请注意, strcmp
使用以空字符结尾的字节字符串。 如果s1
和s2
都不包含空字节,则test
的呼叫将导致分段错误:
[1] 14940 segmentation fault (core dumped) ./a.out
要么确保两者都包含空字节'