Match if something is not preceded by something else

I'm trying to parse a string and extract some numbers from it. Basically, any 2-3 digits should be matched, except the ones that have "TEST" before them. Here are some examples:

TEST2XX_R_00.01.211_TEST => 00, 01, 211
TEST850_F_11.22.333_TEST => 11, 22, 333
TESTXXX_X_12.34.456      => 12, 34, 456

Here are some of the things I've tried:

(?<!TEST)[0-9]{2,3} - ignores only the first digit after TEST

_[0-9]{2,3}|.[0-9]{2,3} - matches the numbers correctly, but matches the character before them (_ or .) as well.

I know this might be a duplicate to regex for matching something if it is not preceded by something else but I could not get my answer there.

---

Unfortunately, there is no way to use a single pattern to match a string not preceded with some sequence in Lua (note that you can't even rely on capturing an alternative that you need since TEST%d+|(%d+) will not work in Lua, Lua patterns do not support alternation).

You may remove all substrings that start with TEST + digits after it, and then extract digit chunks:

local s = "TEST2XX_R_00.01.211_TEST"
for x in string.gmatch(s:gsub("TEST%d+",""), "%d+") do  
    print(x)
end

See the Lua demo

Here, s:gsub("TEST%d+","") will remove TEST<digits>+ and %d+ pattern used with string.gmatch will extract all digit chunks that remain.

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