How can I reverse the order of lines in a file?

2018-06-27 13:37:15

I'd like to reverse the order of lines in a text file (or stdin), preserving the contents of each line.

So, ie, starting with:

foo
bar
baz

I'd like to end up with

baz
bar
foo

Is there a standard UNIX commandline utility for this?

BSD tail:

tail -r myfile.txt

Reference: FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD and OS X manual pages.

Also worth mentioning: tac (the, ahem, reverse of cat ). Part of coreutils.

Flipping one file into another

tac a.txt > b.txt

There's the well-known sed tricks:

# reverse order of lines (emulates "tac")
# bug/feature in HHsed v1.5 causes blank lines to be deleted
sed '1!G;h;$!d'               # method 1
sed -n '1!G;h;$p'             # method 2

(Explanation: prepend non-initial line to hold buffer, swap line and hold buffer, print out line at end)

Alternatively (with faster execution) from the awk one-liners:

awk '{a[i++]=$0} END {for (j=i-1; j>=0;) print a[j--] }' file*

If you can't remember that,

perl -e 'print reverse <>'

On a system with GNU utilities, the other answers are simpler, but not all the world is GNU/Linux...

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