Trouble with bash shell script, attempting to POST variable JSON data using cURL
I'm having trouble with a bash shell script, attempting to POST variable JSON data using cURL. I'm running from a Mac. I can successfully post static data but I can't seem to figure out how to incorporate variables.
I introduced <room> and <token> for the sake of these examples.
This script works successfully:
#!/bin/bash
curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" --data '{ "color":"red", "message":"Build failed", "message_format":"text" }' https://api.hipchat.com/v2/room/<room>/notification?auth_token=<token>
Now, I would like to introduce a formatted date. This script posts successfully, but the "$now" is posted literally: ie "Build failed $now" rather than "Build failed 10-28-2014"
#!/bin/bash
now=$(date +"%m-%d-%Y")
curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" --data '{ "color":"red", "message":"Build failed $now", "message_format":"text" }' https://api.hipchat.com/v2/room/<room>/notification?auth_token=<token>
I attempted to format the JSON payload with printf like so. The date string is replaced properly. However, this fails with an error: "The request body cannot be parsed as valid JSON: No JSON object could be decoded: line 1 column 0 (char 0)" - so it seems like I'm misusing $payload.
#!/bin/bash
now=$(date +"%m-%d-%Y")
payload=$(printf "'{"color":"red","message":"Build failed %s","message_format":"text"}'" $now)
curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" --data $payload https://api.hipchat.com/v2/room/<room>/notification?auth_token=<token>
Finally, I attempted to eval the entire command. This fails by hanging and it could be that I'm misusing escapes. I've tried many variations of escaping.
#!/bin/bash
now=$(date +"%m-%d-%Y")
payload=$(printf "'{"color":"red","message":"Build failed %s","message_format":"text"}'" $now)
cmd=$(curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" --data '{"color":"red","message":"Build failed $now","message_format":"text"}' https://api.hipchat.com/v2/room/<room>/notification?auth_token=<token>)
eval $cmd
I found this question to be somewhat helpful and I've also read this cURL tutorial. These deal with static data and I think I'm just missing some fundamental bash scripting. Thank you in advance for your help.
You just need to use ' and " escape properly:
now=$(date +"%m-%d-%Y")
curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json"
--data '{ "color":"red", "message":"Build failed '"$now"'", "message_format":"text" }'
https://api.hipchat.com/v2/room/<room>/notification?auth_token=<token>
or alternatively:
now=$(date +"%m-%d-%Y")
curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json"
--data "{ "color":"red", "message":"Build failed $now", "message_format":"text" }"
https://api.hipchat.com/v2/room/<room>/notification?auth_token=<token>
Wrapping variables in ' will make bash treat them literally whereas using " will make them replaced by the variable's value
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