Listing only directories using ls in bash: An examination
This command lists directories in the current path: ls -d */
What exactly does the pattern */ do?
And how can we give the absolute path in the above command (eg ls -d /home/alice/Documents ) for listing only directories in that path?
*/ is a pattern that matches all of the subdirectories in the current directory ( * would match all files and subdirectories; the / restricts it to directories). Similarly, to list all subdirectories under /home/alice/Documents, use ls -d /home/alice/Documents/*/
Four ways to get this done, each with a different output format
1. Using echo
Example: echo */ , echo */*/
Here is what I got:
cs/ draft/ files/ hacks/ masters/ static/
cs/code/ files/images/ static/images/ static/stylesheets/
2. Using ls only
Example: ls -d */
Here is exactly what I got:
cs/ files/ masters/
draft/ hacks/ static/
Or as list (with detail info): ls -dl */
3. Using ls and grep
Example: ls -l | grep "^d" ls -l | grep "^d" Here is what I got:
drwxr-xr-x 24 h staff 816 Jun 8 10:55 cs
drwxr-xr-x 6 h staff 204 Jun 8 10:55 draft
drwxr-xr-x 9 h staff 306 Jun 8 10:55 files
drwxr-xr-x 2 h staff 68 Jun 9 13:19 hacks
drwxr-xr-x 6 h staff 204 Jun 8 10:55 masters
drwxr-xr-x 4 h staff 136 Jun 8 10:55 static
4. Bash Script (Not recommended for filename contain space.)
Example: for i in $(ls -d */); do echo ${i%%/}; done for i in $(ls -d */); do echo ${i%%/}; done
Here is what I got:
cs
draft
files
hacks
masters
static
If you like to have '/' as ending character, the command will be: for i in $(ls -d */); do echo ${i}; done for i in $(ls -d */); do echo ${i}; done
cs/
draft/
files/
hacks/
masters/
static/
I use:
ls -d */ | cut -f1 -d'/'
This creates a single column with no trailing slash - useful in scripts.
My two cents.
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