我如何优化我的MySQL查询?

SELECT a.*, u.avatar, u.name, u.surname, u.username, COUNT(a.user1) AS cnt  
FROM user_actions a,users u,following f   
WHERE a.user1=u.user_id AND
a.user1=f.follower_id AND 
f.user_id=159 
GROUP BY a.user1, a.action, day(a.dt) 
ORDER BY a.id DESC 
LIMIT 7;

查询耗时4.4909秒

表user_actions的索引:

Action  Keyname     Type   Unique Packed Column    Cardinality Collation
Edit    PRIMARY     BTREE  Yes    No     id        516094      A        
Edit    user1       BTREE  No     No     user1     15639       A        
Edit    user2       BTREE  No     No     user2     36863       A        
Edit    action      BTREE  No     No     action    16          A        
Edit    dt          BTREE  No     No     dt        516094      A        
Edit    group_index BTREE  No     No     user1     20643       A        


EXPLAIN SELECT a . * , u.avatar, u.name, u.surname, u.username, COUNT( a.user1 ) AS cnt
FROM user_actions a, users u, following f
WHERE a.user1 = u.user_id
AND a.user1 = f.follower_id
AND f.user_id =159
GROUP BY a.user1, a.action, day( a.dt )
ORDER BY a.id DESC
LIMIT 7 

id select_type表类型possible_keys key key_len ref行额外1 SIMPLE f ref user_id,follower_id,for_actions for_actions 4 const 242使用index; 使用临时; 使用filesort 1 SIMPLE a ref user1,group_index group_index 4 pictify_main.f.follower_id 25 1 SIMPLE u eq_ref PRIMARY PRIMARY 4 pictify_main.a.user1 1使用where


由于格式化无法理解您的索引

但是下面的索引可以帮助..

user_actions(user1)
following (user_id)
users(user_id)

否则如建议,请张贴解释计划。


非确定性GROUP BY:SQL检索既不在聚合函数中也不在GROUP BY表达式中的列,因此这些值在结果中将是非确定性的。

SELECT *:使用*通配符选择所有列将导致查询的含义和行为在表的模式更改时发生更改,并可能导致查询检索太多数据。

不使用AS关键字的别名在列或表别名中显式使用AS关键字(如“tbl AS别名”)比隐含别名(如“tbl别名”)更具可读性。


我会反转一些,因为你正在寻找一个特定的“跟随”用户ID ...然后添加“STRAIGHT_JOIN”子句告诉MySQL按照明确列出的顺序

确保表索引关注的索引(User_ID,Follower_ID)用户(User_ID)User_Actions(User1,Action,Dt,ID)

select STRAIGHT_JOIN
      UA.*,
      U.Avatar,
      U.Name,
      U.SurName,
      U.UserName,
      count(*) as UserActionsCount
   from
      Following F
         JOIN User_Actions UA
            on F.Follower_ID = UA.User1
            Join Users U
               on UA.User1 = U.User_ID
   where
      F.User_ID = 159
   group by
      F.Follower_ID,
      UA.Action,
      Day( UA.Dt )
   order by
      UA.ID DESC
   limit 
      7
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