Python rounding error with float numbers

This question already has an answer here: Is floating point math broken? 23 answers Any number that can't be built from exact powers of two can't be represented exactly as a floating point number; it needs to be approximated. Sometimes the closest approximation will be less than the actual number. Read What Every Computer Scientist Should Know About Floating-Point Arithmetic. I

用float数字Python舍入错误

这个问题在这里已经有了答案: 浮点数学是否被破坏? 23个答案 任何不能用精确的二次幂构建的数字都不能完全表示为浮点数; 它需要近似。 有时最接近的近似值会小于实际值。 阅读每位计算机科学家应该了解的浮点运算。 它由于浮点数的性质而广为人知。 如果你想做十进制算术而不是浮点算术,有库可以做到这一点。 例如, >>> from decimal import Decimal >>> Decimal(29)/Decimal(100) Decimal

Is parsing a json naively into a Python class or struct secure?

Some background first: I have a few rather simple data structures which are persisted as json files on disk. These json files are shared between applications of different languages and different environments (like web frontend and data manipulation tools). For each of the files I want to create a Python "POPO" (Plain Old Python Object), and a corresponding data mapper class for each

是天真地解析一个JSON到一个Python类或结构安全吗?

首先有一些背景:我有一些相当简单的数据结构,它们作为json文件保存在磁盘上。 这些json文件在不同语言和不同环境的应用程序(如web前端和数据操作工具)之间共享。 对于我想创建一个Python“POPO”(Plain Old Python Object)的每个文件,每个项目的相应数据映射器类应该实现一些简单的类似于CRUD的行为(例如,保存将序列化类并存储为json文件磁盘)。 我认为一个简单的映射器(只知道基本类型)将起作用。 但是,我担心

Django manytomany field, how to get check for 80% subset/ match?

I have a Django db with cooking recipes. I want to query all users who have at least 80% ingredients to make a recipe. How do I achieve this? Or how do I query for users who are missing only 1 ingredient for the recipe? models.py class ingredient(models.Model): id = models.AutoField("id",max_length = 100, primary_key=True) name=models.CharField("Ingredient", max_length=100) de

Django manytomany领域,如何获得80%的子集/比赛检查?

我有一个Django数据库烹饪食谱。 我想查询所有拥有至少80%配料的用户来制作配方。 我如何实现这一目标? 或者我如何查询那些只缺少配料的用户? models.py class ingredient(models.Model): id = models.AutoField("id",max_length = 100, primary_key=True) name=models.CharField("Ingredient", max_length=100) def __unicode__ (self): return self.name class user(models.Model): id = m

Python garbage collector documentation

I'm looking for documents that describes in details how python garbage collection works. I'm interested what is done in which step. What objects are in these 3 collections? What kinds of objects are deleted in each step? What algorithm is used for reference cycles finding? Background: I'm implementing some searches that have to finish in small amount of time. When the garbage

Python垃圾收集器文档

我正在寻找详细描述python垃圾收集如何工作的文档。 我感兴趣在哪一步完成了什么。 这3个集合中有哪些对象? 每一步中删除了哪些对象? 什么算法用于参考循环查找? 背景:我正在实施一些搜索,必须在少量时间内完成。 当垃圾收集器开始收集最老的一代时,它比其他情况下慢得多。 它花费的时间比预期用于搜索的时间多。 我正在研究如何预测何时会收集最老的一代以及需要多长时间。 通过get_count()和get_threshold()

Formatting Flask app logs in json

I'm working with a Python/Flask application and trying to get the logs to be formatted (by line) in json. Using the python-json-logger package, I've modified the formatter for the app.logger as follows: from pythonjsonlogger import jsonlogger formatter = jsonlogger.JsonFormatter( '%(asctime) %(levelname) %(module) %(funcName) %(lineno) %(message)') app.logger.handlers[0].setFormatt

在json中格式化Flask应用程序日志

我正在使用Python / Flask应用程序,并尝试在json中将日志格式化(按行)。 使用python-json-logger软件包,我修改了app.logger的格式化程序,如下所示: from pythonjsonlogger import jsonlogger formatter = jsonlogger.JsonFormatter( '%(asctime) %(levelname) %(module) %(funcName) %(lineno) %(message)') app.logger.handlers[0].setFormatter(formatter) 这按预期工作。 传递给app.logger任何消息都在json中

Behave test runner has no colored output on Jenkins

I have setup jenkins on Ubuntu server 14.04 on an EC2 instance. I have some selenium tests that I execute using behave as test runner. On Jenkins I have also installed the plugin AnsiColor hoping that I can get color output on the jenkins console, however I get color for everything else except for the Gherking syntax. Selenium errors, python debug, everything has color... except for the outpu

在Jenkins上Behave test runner没有彩色输出

我已经在EC2实例的Ubuntu服务器14.04上安装了jenkins。 我有一些硒测试,我执行使用behave作为测试跑步者。 在Jenkins上,我还安装了插件AnsiColor,希望能够在jenkins控制台上获得颜色输出,但除了Gherking语法外,其他所有内容都可以使用颜色。 硒错误,python调试,一切都有颜色... 除了行为的输出。 现在的事情是,如果我在Mac或Ubuntu上运行测试,但不与Jenkins用户一起运行,那么一切正常,颜色在那里。 我真的没

Python 3.4 decode bytes

I am trying to write a file in python, and I can't find a way to decode a byte object before writing the file, basically, I am trying to decode this bytes string: Les xc3x83xc2xa9vadxc3x83xc2xa9s into this, which is the original text I'm trying to recover: Les évadés I tried using the .decode('utf-8') and encode('utf-8') but nothing seems to work... I always get Les

Python 3.4解码字节

我试图用python编写一个文件,并且在写入文件之前我找不到解码字节对象的方法,基本上,我试图解码这个字节字符串: Les xc3x83xc2xa9vadxc3x83xc2xa9s 进入这个,这是我想恢复的原始文本: Les évadés 我尝试使用.decode('utf-8')和编码('utf-8'),但似乎没有任何工作... 因此我总是得到Les évadés ...我正在使用python 3.4.3 任何人都可以帮忙 如果你想要一个Python 3解决方案: b = b'Les xc3x

Starting bottle web server through systemd?

I am trying to start a bottle web app I wrote using systemd. I made the file /etc/systemd/user/bottle.service with the following contents: [Unit] Description=Bottled fax service After=syslog.target [Service] Type=simple User=fax Group=fax WorkingDirectory=/home/fax/bottlefax/ ExecStart=/usr/bin/env python3 server.py StandardOutput=syslog StandardError=syslog Restart=always RestartSec=2 [Insta

通过systemd启动瓶子Web服务器?

我正尝试开始使用systemd编写的瓶子web应用程序。 我使用以下内容创建了文件/etc/systemd/user/bottle.service : [Unit] Description=Bottled fax service After=syslog.target [Service] Type=simple User=fax Group=fax WorkingDirectory=/home/fax/bottlefax/ ExecStart=/usr/bin/env python3 server.py StandardOutput=syslog StandardError=syslog Restart=always RestartSec=2 [Install] WantedBy=bottle.target 但

Is it possible to use 'else' in a python list comprehension?

Here is the code I was trying to turn into a list comprehension: table = '' for index in xrange(256): if index in ords_to_keep: table += chr(index) else: table += replace_with Is there a way to add the else statement to this comprehension? table = ''.join(chr(index) for index in xrange(15) if index in ords_to_keep) The syntax a if b else c is a ternary operator in Pyth

是否有可能在python列表理解中使用'else'?

这里是我试图变成列表理解的代码: table = '' for index in xrange(256): if index in ords_to_keep: table += chr(index) else: table += replace_with 有没有办法将else语句添加到这个理解中? table = ''.join(chr(index) for index in xrange(15) if index in ords_to_keep) 语法a if b else c是Python中三元运算符的计算结果为a ,如果条件b为真-否则,它的计算结果c 。 它可以用在理解陈述

How to calculate the axis of orientation?

Previously, I calculated the axis of orientation based on anatomical structures, such as the toes in a paw. But I found that this doesn't work when I can't distinguish between the toes very well or if the 'heel' (blue square) is way off. So I decided to look for better alternatives and I decided to try and calculate the inertial axis. This page gives a great explanation of ho

如何计算方向的轴?

以前,我根据解剖结构计算了方向轴,例如脚趾中的脚趾。 但是我发现,当我无法很好地区分脚趾或“脚跟”(蓝色方块)离开时,这不起作用。 所以我决定寻找更好的选择,我决定尝试计算惯性轴。 这个页面给出了如何计算它的一个很好的解释,但是我很难理解从质心(或者在我的情况下是压力)到一个角度的步骤。 解释归结为: 它使用压力中心和值p,其中我不知道它是什么。 我有权访问计算人体脚的这个轴的Matlab代码,并尽